PMID:22027397

Citation	Mamik, MK, Banerjee, S, Walseth, TF, Hirte, R, Tang, L, Borgmann, K and Ghorpade, A (2011) HIV-1 and IL-1β regulate astrocytic CD38 through mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-κB signaling mechanisms. J Neuroinflammation 8:145
Abstract	Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV)-1 leads to some form of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in approximately half of the cases. The mechanisms by which astrocytes contribute to HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD), the most severe form of HAND, still remain unresolved. HIV-1-encephalitis (HIVE), a pathological correlate of HAD, affects an estimated 9-11% of the HIV-1-infected population. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that HIVE brain tissues show significant upregulation of CD38, an enzyme involved in calcium signaling, in astrocytes. We also reported an increase in CD38 expression in interleukin (IL)-1β-activated astrocytes. In the present investigation, we studied regulatory mechanisms of CD38 gene expression in astrocytes activated with HIV-1-relevant stimuli. We also investigated the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB in astrocyte CD38 regulation.
Links	PubMed PMC3247131 Online version:10.1186/1742-2094-8-145
Keywords	AIDS Dementia Complex/immunology; AIDS Dementia Complex/pathology; AIDS Dementia Complex/physiopathology; Antigens, CD38/genetics; Antigens, CD38/metabolism; Astrocytes/cytology; Astrocytes/physiology; Astrocytes/virology; Cells, Cultured; Chemokines/genetics; Chemokines/immunology; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression Regulation; HIV-1/genetics; HIV-1/immunology; Humans; Interleukin-1beta/genetics; Interleukin-1beta/immunology; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism; NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors; NF-kappa B/metabolism; Signal Transduction/immunology
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
HUMAN:MK14	involved_in	GO:0031281: positive regulation of cyclase activity	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
HUMAN:MK14		GO:0051247: positive regulation of protein metabolic process	ECO:0000315:		P		Fig. 5A	complete CACAO 2997
HUMAN:MK14		GO:0031281: positive regulation of cyclase activity	ECO:0000315:		P		Fig. 5D	complete CACAO 2998
HUMAN:MK03	involved_in	GO:0031281: positive regulation of cyclase activity	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
HUMAN:MK03		GO:0051247: positive regulation of protein metabolic process	ECO:0000315:		P		Fig. 5C	complete CACAO 2989
HUMAN:MK03		GO:0031281: positive regulation of cyclase activity	ECO:0000315:		P		Fig. 5D	complete CACAO 2990
HUMAN:CD38		GO:0003953: NAD+ nucleosidase activity	ECO:0000315:		F		Fig. 5D	complete CACAO 2984
HUMAN:MK08		GO:0051247: positive regulation of protein metabolic process	ECO:0000315:		P		Fig. 5B	complete CACAO 2991
HUMAN:MK08		GO:0031281: positive regulation of cyclase activity	ECO:0000315:		P		Fig. 5D	complete CACAO 2992
HUMAN:MK08	involved_in	GO:0031281: positive regulation of cyclase activity	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
HUMAN:MK08	involved_in	GO:0051247: positive regulation of protein metabolic process	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete

References

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