RAT:HXK4

Species (Taxon ID)	Rattus norvegicus (Rat). (10116)
Gene Name(s)	Gck
Protein Name(s)	Glucokinase Hexokinase type IV HK IV Hexokinase-4 HK4 Hexokinase-D
External Links
UniProt	P17712
EMBL	J04218 M24952 M24943 M24944 M24945 M24947 M24948 M24949 M24950 M24951 M25806 M25807 M58759 X53588 X53590 M30770
PIR	A31810 I84740
RefSeq	NP_001257779.1 NP_036697.1 XP_006251241.1
UniGene	Rn.10447
ProteinModelPortal	P17712
SMR	P17712
IntAct	P17712
MINT	MINT-1795103
BindingDB	P17712
ChEMBL	CHEMBL3882
PRIDE	P17712
Ensembl	ENSRNOT00000019625
GeneID	24385
KEGG	rno:24385
UCSC	RGD:2670
CTD	2645
RGD	2670
eggNOG	COG5026
GeneTree	ENSGT00390000017159
HOGENOM	HOG000162670
HOVERGEN	HBG000142
InParanoid	P17712
KO	K12407
OMA	EDHQCEV
OrthoDB	EOG7S21X5
PhylomeDB	P17712
Reactome	REACT_205960 REACT_230812 REACT_251652
SABIO-RK	P17712
NextBio	603157
Proteomes	UP000002494
Genevestigator	P17712
GO	GO:0045180 GO:0005938 GO:0005737 GO:0005829 GO:0005739 GO:0005654 GO:0005634 GO:0030141 GO:0043531 GO:0005524 GO:0004340 GO:0005536 GO:0000287 GO:0019903 GO:0070509 GO:0046835 GO:0001678 GO:0042149 GO:0032869 GO:0044320 GO:0051594 GO:0006003 GO:0051156 GO:0042593 GO:0006006 GO:0005978 GO:0006096 GO:0055088 GO:0006739 GO:0032811 GO:0045721 GO:0007204 GO:0045725 GO:0045821 GO:0032024 GO:0042327 GO:0043266 GO:0009749 GO:0019932
InterPro	IPR001312 IPR022673 IPR019807 IPR022672
PANTHER	PTHR19443
Pfam	PF00349 PF03727
PRINTS	PR00475
PROSITE	PS00378

Annotations

Qualifier	GO ID	GO term name	Reference	ECO ID	ECO term name	with/from	Aspect	Notes	Status
involved_in	GO:0051594	detection of glucose	PMID:17470517^[1]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051594	detection of glucose	PMID:19807849^[2]	ECO:0000303	author statement without traceable support used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0044320	cellular response to leptin stimulus	PMID:17470517^[1]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032869	cellular response to insulin stimulus	PMID:17470517^[1]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	PMID:10601273^[3]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005634	nucleus	PMID:10601273^[3]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051594	detection of glucose	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P35557	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045725	positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P35557	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045721	negative regulation of gluconeogenesis	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P35557	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
	GO:0004340	glucokinase activity	PMID:10593862^[4]	ECO:0000315			F	Figure 4. shows that rats enhanced with adenoviruses containing the cDNA encoding rat liver glucokinase (AdCMV-GKL) more efficiently cleared the glucose bolus than the unenhanced rats or the rats enhanced with adenoviruses containing the cDNA encoding Escherichia coli b-galactosidase nls-LacZ gene (AdCMV-lacZ). Rats with higher levels of Glucokinase enhancement cleared the bolus more efficiently than those with lower levels of Glucokinase enhancement.	complete CACAO 10122
involved_in	GO:0042593	glucose homeostasis	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P35557	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032024	positive regulation of insulin secretion	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P35557	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005536	glucose binding	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P35557	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P35557	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004340	glucokinase activity	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P35557	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0055088	lipid homeostasis	PMID:22925001^[5]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051594	detection of glucose	PMID:16443775^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051156	glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process	PMID:4273555^[7]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051156	glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process	PMID:15138155^[8]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046835	carbohydrate phosphorylation	PMID:9109397^[9]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046835	carbohydrate phosphorylation	PMID:15138155^[8]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045821	positive regulation of glycolytic process	PMID:17553851^[10]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0045180	basal cortex	PMID:10071239^[11]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0043531	ADP binding	PMID:12513690^[12]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042593	glucose homeostasis	PMID:18292346^[13]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042327	positive regulation of phosphorylation	PMID:17553851^[10]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042149	cellular response to glucose starvation	PMID:18292346^[13]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032811	negative regulation of epinephrine secretion	PMID:18292346^[13]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032024	positive regulation of insulin secretion	PMID:17360975^[14]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032024	positive regulation of insulin secretion	PMID:17028192^[15]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0030141	secretory granule	PMID:9357983^[16]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0030141	secretory granule	PMID:10461810^[17]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0019932	second-messenger-mediated signaling	PMID:11250924^[18]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0019903	protein phosphatase binding	PMID:10913113^[19]	ECO:0000353	physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	RGD:68375	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0009749	response to glucose	PMID:12086933^[20]	ECO:0000270	expression pattern evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0007204	positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	PMID:17360975^[14]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006096	glycolytic process	PMID:4353083^[21]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006096	glycolytic process	PMID:4273555^[7]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006006	glucose metabolic process	PMID:17553851^[10]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006003	fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolic process	PMID:17553851^[10]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0005978	glycogen biosynthetic process	PMID:17028192^[15]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005938	cell cortex	PMID:12369705^[22]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
colocalizes_with	GO:0005884	actin filament	PMID:9109397^[9]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005829	cytosol	PMID:16542652^[23]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005739	mitochondrion	PMID:16542652^[23]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	PMID:17553851^[10]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	PMID:17028192^[15]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	PMID:15138155^[8]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	PMID:12369705^[22]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005634	nucleus	PMID:17553851^[10]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005634	nucleus	PMID:17028192^[15]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005634	nucleus	PMID:16186382^[24]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005634	nucleus	PMID:15138155^[8]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005536	glucose binding	PMID:12513690^[12]	ECO:0000353	physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	CHEBI:17234	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005536	glucose binding	PMID:12513690^[12]	ECO:0000353	physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	CHEBI:14314	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005536	glucose binding	PMID:4273555^[7]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005536	glucose binding	PMID:15138155^[8]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005524	ATP binding	PMID:12513690^[12]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004340	glucokinase activity	PMID:4353083^[21]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004340	glucokinase activity	PMID:4273555^[7]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004340	glucokinase activity	PMID:15138155^[8]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004340	glucokinase activity	PMID:12513690^[12]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004340	glucokinase activity	PMID:11250924^[18]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0001678	cellular glucose homeostasis	PMID:16443775^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0000287	magnesium ion binding	PMID:12513690^[12]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0050796	regulation of insulin secretion	PMID:21873635^[25]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	MGI:MGI:1270854 PANTHER:PTN000455411 UniProtKB:P35557	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0019158	mannokinase activity	PMID:21873635^[25]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	PANTHER:PTN000455350 PomBase:SPAC24H6.04 PomBase:SPAC4F8.07c	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0008865	fructokinase activity	PMID:21873635^[25]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	PANTHER:PTN000455350 PomBase:SPAC24H6.04 PomBase:SPAC4F8.07c TAIR:locus:2008031 TAIR:locus:2087590 TAIR:locus:2119931 TAIR:locus:2137564 TAIR:locus:2202410 UniProtKB:P93834 UniProtKB:Q4WHC3	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006096	glycolytic process	PMID:21873635^[25]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	PANTHER:PTN000455350 RGD:2670 RGD:2796 SGD:S000000545 SGD:S000001949 SGD:S000003222	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005829	cytosol	PMID:21873635^[25]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	MGI:MGI:1270854 MGI:MGI:96103 PANTHER:PTN000455350 RGD:2670 RGD:2796 SGD:S000003222 UniProtKB:C6KT76 UniProtKB:P35557	C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004340	glucokinase activity	PMID:21873635^[25]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	MGI:MGI:1270854 MGI:MGI:96103 PANTHER:PTN000455350 PomBase:SPAC24H6.04 PomBase:SPAC4F8.07c RGD:2670 RGD:2796 SGD:S000000545 TAIR:locus:2008031 TAIR:locus:2087590 TAIR:locus:2119931 TAIR:locus:2137564 TAIR:locus:2202410 UniProtKB:P35557 UniProtKB:P93834 UniProtKB:Q4WCS2 UniProtKB:Q4WHC3 UniProtKB:Q5W676 UniProtKB:Q8LQ68	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0001678	cellular glucose homeostasis	PMID:21873635^[25]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	MGI:MGI:1270854 PANTHER:PTN000455350 RGD:2670	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0001678	cellular glucose homeostasis	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR001312	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004340	glucokinase activity	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR039073	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004396	hexokinase activity	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR001312 InterPro:IPR019807	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR001312 InterPro:IPR019807 InterPro:IPR022672 InterPro:IPR022673	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005536	glucose binding	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR001312 InterPro:IPR039073	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0005975	carbohydrate metabolic process	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR001312 InterPro:IPR022672 InterPro:IPR022673	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006096	glycolytic process	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR019807	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016773	phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR022672 InterPro:IPR022673	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032024	positive regulation of insulin secretion	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR039073	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004340	glucokinase activity	GO_REF:0000003	ECO:0000501	evidence used in automatic assertion	EC:2.7.1.2	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0001678	cellular glucose homeostasis	PMID:11250924^[18]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0547	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016740	transferase activity	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0808	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0016310	phosphorylation	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0418	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0067	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005634	nucleus	GO_REF:0000037 GO_REF:0000039	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0539 UniProtKB-SubCell:SL-0191	C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016301	kinase activity	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0418	F	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	GO_REF:0000037 GO_REF:0000039	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0963 UniProtKB-SubCell:SL-0086	C	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006096	glycolytic process	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0324	P	Seeded From UniProt	complete
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Notes

References

See Help:References for how to manage references in GONUTS.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Sanz, C et al. (2007) Effects of glucose and insulin on glucokinase activity in rat hypothalamus. J. Endocrinol. 193 259-67 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Roncero, I et al. (2009) Glucokinase and glucokinase regulatory proteins are functionally coexpressed before birth in the rat brain. J. Neuroendocrinol. 21 973-81 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Shiota, C et al. (1999) Nuclear import of hepatic glucokinase depends upon glucokinase regulatory protein, whereas export is due to a nuclear export signal sequence in glucokinase. J. Biol. Chem. 274 37125-30 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Jiménez-Chillarón, JC et al. (1999) Increased glucose disposal induced by adenovirus-mediated transfer of glucokinase to skeletal muscle in vivo. FASEB J. 13 2153-60 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ De Ceuninck, F et al. (2013) Small molecule glucokinase activators disturb lipid homeostasis and induce fatty liver in rodents: a warning for therapeutic applications in humans. Br. J. Pharmacol. 168 339-53 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Kang, L et al. (2006) Glucokinase is a critical regulator of ventromedial hypothalamic neuronal glucosensing. Diabetes 55 412-20 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Gunn, JM & Taylor, CB (1973) Relationships between concentration of hepatic intermediary metabolites and induction of the key glycolytic enzymes in vivo. Biochem. J. 136 455-65 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 ^8.4 ^8.5 Fujimoto, Y et al. (2004) Defect in glucokinase translocation in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 287 E414-23 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 Murata, T et al. (1997) Co-localization of glucokinase with actin filaments. FEBS Lett. 406 109-13 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 ^10.3 ^10.4 ^10.5 Payne, VA et al. (2007) Contributions of glucokinase and phosphofructokinase-2/fructose bisphosphatase-2 to the elevated glycolysis in hepatocytes from Zucker fa/fa rats. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 293 R618-25 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Jörns, A et al. (1999) Nutrient-dependent distribution of insulin and glucokinase immunoreactivities in rat pancreatic beta cells. Virchows Arch. 434 75-82 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 ^12.3 ^12.4 ^12.5 Monasterio, O & Cárdenas, ML (2003) Kinetic studies of rat liver hexokinase D ('glucokinase') in non-co-operative conditions show an ordered mechanism with MgADP as the last product to be released. Biochem. J. 371 29-38 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^13.0 ^13.1 ^13.2 Levin, BE et al. (2008) Ventromedial hypothalamic glucokinase is an important mediator of the counterregulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Diabetes 57 1371-9 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^14.0 ^14.1 Johnson, D et al. (2007) Glucose-dependent modulation of insulin secretion and intracellular calcium ions by GKA50, a glucokinase activator. Diabetes 56 1694-702 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 ^15.2 ^15.3 Futamura, M et al. (2006) An allosteric activator of glucokinase impairs the interaction of glucokinase and glucokinase regulatory protein and regulates glucose metabolism. J. Biol. Chem. 281 37668-74 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Toyoda, Y et al. (1997) Glucokinase is located in secretory granules of pancreatic D-cells. FEBS Lett. 415 281-4 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Toyoda, Y et al. (1999) Glucokinase is concentrated in insulin-secretory granules of pancreatic B-cells. Histochem. Cell Biol. 112 35-40 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^18.0 ^18.1 ^18.2 Fernandez-Mejia, C et al. (2001) Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate increases pancreatic glucokinase activity and gene expression. Endocrinology 142 1448-52 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Muñoz-Alonso, MJ et al. (2000) A novel cytosolic dual specificity phosphatase, interacting with glucokinase, increases glucose phosphorylation rate. J. Biol. Chem. 275 32406-12 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Dunn-Meynell, AA et al. (2002) Glucokinase is the likely mediator of glucosensing in both glucose-excited and glucose-inhibited central neurons. Diabetes 51 2056-65 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^21.0 ^21.1 Wimhurst, JM & Manchester, KL (1973) Induction and suppression of the key enzymes of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in isolated perfused rat liver in response to glucose, fructose and lactate. Biochem. J. 134 143-56 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^22.0 ^22.1 Jetton, TL et al. (2001) Substrate-induced nuclear export and peripheral compartmentalization of hepatic glucokinase correlates with glycogen deposition. Int. J. Exp. Diabetes Res. 2 173-86 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^23.0 ^23.1 Arden, C et al. (2006) Glucokinase regulatory protein is associated with mitochondria in hepatocytes. FEBS Lett. 580 2065-70 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Baltrusch, S et al. (2005) Interaction of glucokinase with the liver regulatory protein is conferred by leucine-asparagine motifs of the enzyme. Diabetes 54 2829-37 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^25.0 ^25.1 ^25.2 ^25.3 ^25.4 ^25.5 ^25.6 Gaudet, P et al. (2011) Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Brief. Bioinformatics 12 449-62 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:17470517-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Sanz, C et al. (2007) Effects of glucose and insulin on glucokinase activity in rat hypothalamus. J. Endocrinol. 193 259-67 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:19807849-2] Roncero, I et al. (2009) Glucokinase and glucokinase regulatory proteins are functionally coexpressed before birth in the rat brain. J. Neuroendocrinol. 21 973-81 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:10601273-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Shiota, C et al. (1999) Nuclear import of hepatic glucokinase depends upon glucokinase regulatory protein, whereas export is due to a nuclear export signal sequence in glucokinase. J. Biol. Chem. 274 37125-30 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:10593862-4] Jiménez-Chillarón, JC et al. (1999) Increased glucose disposal induced by adenovirus-mediated transfer of glucokinase to skeletal muscle in vivo. FASEB J. 13 2153-60 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:22925001-5] De Ceuninck, F et al. (2013) Small molecule glucokinase activators disturb lipid homeostasis and induce fatty liver in rodents: a warning for therapeutic applications in humans. Br. J. Pharmacol. 168 339-53 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16443775-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Kang, L et al. (2006) Glucokinase is a critical regulator of ventromedial hypothalamic neuronal glucosensing. Diabetes 55 412-20 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:4273555-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Gunn, JM & Taylor, CB (1973) Relationships between concentration of hepatic intermediary metabolites and induction of the key glycolytic enzymes in vivo. Biochem. J. 136 455-65 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:15138155-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 ^8.4 ^8.5 Fujimoto, Y et al. (2004) Defect in glucokinase translocation in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 287 E414-23 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:9109397-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Murata, T et al. (1997) Co-localization of glucokinase with actin filaments. FEBS Lett. 406 109-13 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:17553851-10] 10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 ^10.3 ^10.4 ^10.5 Payne, VA et al. (2007) Contributions of glucokinase and phosphofructokinase-2/fructose bisphosphatase-2 to the elevated glycolysis in hepatocytes from Zucker fa/fa rats. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 293 R618-25 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:10071239-11] Jörns, A et al. (1999) Nutrient-dependent distribution of insulin and glucokinase immunoreactivities in rat pancreatic beta cells. Virchows Arch. 434 75-82 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12513690-12] 12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 ^12.3 ^12.4 ^12.5 Monasterio, O & Cárdenas, ML (2003) Kinetic studies of rat liver hexokinase D ('glucokinase') in non-co-operative conditions show an ordered mechanism with MgADP as the last product to be released. Biochem. J. 371 29-38 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:18292346-13] 13.0 ^13.1 ^13.2 Levin, BE et al. (2008) Ventromedial hypothalamic glucokinase is an important mediator of the counterregulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Diabetes 57 1371-9 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:17360975-14] 14.0 ^14.1 Johnson, D et al. (2007) Glucose-dependent modulation of insulin secretion and intracellular calcium ions by GKA50, a glucokinase activator. Diabetes 56 1694-702 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:17028192-15] 15.0 ^15.1 ^15.2 ^15.3 Futamura, M et al. (2006) An allosteric activator of glucokinase impairs the interaction of glucokinase and glucokinase regulatory protein and regulates glucose metabolism. J. Biol. Chem. 281 37668-74 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:9357983-16] Toyoda, Y et al. (1997) Glucokinase is located in secretory granules of pancreatic D-cells. FEBS Lett. 415 281-4 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:10461810-17] Toyoda, Y et al. (1999) Glucokinase is concentrated in insulin-secretory granules of pancreatic B-cells. Histochem. Cell Biol. 112 35-40 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:11250924-18] 18.0 ^18.1 ^18.2 Fernandez-Mejia, C et al. (2001) Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate increases pancreatic glucokinase activity and gene expression. Endocrinology 142 1448-52 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:10913113-19] Muñoz-Alonso, MJ et al. (2000) A novel cytosolic dual specificity phosphatase, interacting with glucokinase, increases glucose phosphorylation rate. J. Biol. Chem. 275 32406-12 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12086933-20] Dunn-Meynell, AA et al. (2002) Glucokinase is the likely mediator of glucosensing in both glucose-excited and glucose-inhibited central neurons. Diabetes 51 2056-65 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:4353083-21] 21.0 ^21.1 Wimhurst, JM & Manchester, KL (1973) Induction and suppression of the key enzymes of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in isolated perfused rat liver in response to glucose, fructose and lactate. Biochem. J. 134 143-56 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12369705-22] 22.0 ^22.1 Jetton, TL et al. (2001) Substrate-induced nuclear export and peripheral compartmentalization of hepatic glucokinase correlates with glycogen deposition. Int. J. Exp. Diabetes Res. 2 173-86 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16542652-23] 23.0 ^23.1 Arden, C et al. (2006) Glucokinase regulatory protein is associated with mitochondria in hepatocytes. FEBS Lett. 580 2065-70 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16186382-24] Baltrusch, S et al. (2005) Interaction of glucokinase with the liver regulatory protein is conferred by leucine-asparagine motifs of the enzyme. Diabetes 54 2829-37 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:21873635-25] 25.0 ^25.1 ^25.2 ^25.3 ^25.4 ^25.5 ^25.6 Gaudet, P et al. (2011) Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Brief. Bioinformatics 12 449-62 PubMed GONUTS page

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RAT:HXK4

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