HUMAN:CHK2

Species (Taxon ID)	Homo sapiens (Human). (9606)
Gene Name(s)	CHEK2 (synonyms: CDS1, CHK2, RAD53)
Protein Name(s)	Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2 CHK2 checkpoint homolog Cds1 homolog Hucds1 hCds1 Checkpoint kinase 2
External Links
UniProt	O96017
EMBL	AF086904 AJ131197 AF096279 AY551295 AY551296 AY551297 AY551298 AY551299 AY551300 AY551301 AY551302 AY551303 AY551304 AY551305 CR456418 AF174135 AB040105 AK290754 AF217975 AY800241 AL121825 AL117330 AL117330 AL121825 AL121825 AL117330 AL121825 AL117330 AL121825 AL117330 AL117330 AL121825 AL117330 AL121825 AL117330 AL121825 CH471095 BC004207
CCDS	CCDS13843.1 CCDS13844.1 CCDS33629.1
RefSeq	NP_001005735.1 NP_001244316.1 NP_009125.1 NP_665861.1
UniGene	Hs.291363 Hs.505297
PDB	1GXC 2CN5 2CN8 2W0J 2W7X 2WTC 2WTD 2WTI 2WTJ 2XBJ 2XK9 2XM8 2XM9 2YCF 2YCQ 2YCR 2YCS 2YIQ 2YIR 2YIT 3I6U 3I6W 3VA4 4A9R 4A9S 4A9T 4A9U 4BDA 4BDB 4BDC 4BDD 4BDE 4BDF 4BDG 4BDH 4BDI 4BDJ 4BDK
PDBsum	1GXC 2CN5 2CN8 2W0J 2W7X 2WTC 2WTD 2WTI 2WTJ 2XBJ 2XK9 2XM8 2XM9 2YCF 2YCQ 2YCR 2YCS 2YIQ 2YIR 2YIT 3I6U 3I6W 3VA4 4A9R 4A9S 4A9T 4A9U 4BDA 4BDB 4BDC 4BDD 4BDE 4BDF 4BDG 4BDH 4BDI 4BDJ 4BDK
ProteinModelPortal	O96017
SMR	O96017
BioGrid	116369
DIP	DIP-24270N
IntAct	O96017
MINT	MINT-124588
BindingDB	O96017
ChEMBL	CHEMBL2527
GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY	1988 2787
PhosphoSite	O96017
MaxQB	O96017
PaxDb	O96017
PRIDE	O96017
DNASU	11200
Ensembl	ENST00000328354 ENST00000348295 ENST00000382580 ENST00000402731 ENST00000403642 ENST00000404276 ENST00000405598 ENST00000417588 ENST00000433728 ENST00000448511
GeneID	11200
KEGG	hsa:11200
UCSC	uc003ads.1 uc003adt.1 uc003adv.1 uc010gvh.1
CTD	11200
GeneCards	GC22M029083
HGNC	HGNC:16627
HPA	CAB002030 HPA001878
MIM	114480 176807 259500 604373 609265
neXtProt	NX_O96017
Orphanet	1331 145 524 668
PharmGKB	PA404
eggNOG	COG0515
GeneTree	ENSGT00710000106821
HOVERGEN	HBG108055
InParanoid	O96017
KO	K06641
OMA	KFAIGSE
OrthoDB	EOG7C5M7Z
PhylomeDB	O96017
TreeFam	TF101082
BRENDA	2.7.11.1
Reactome	REACT_1614 REACT_897
SignaLink	O96017
EvolutionaryTrace	O96017
GeneWiki	CHEK2
GenomeRNAi	11200
NextBio	42629
PRO	PR:O96017
Proteomes	UP000005640
Bgee	O96017
ExpressionAtlas	O96017
Genevestigator	O96017
GO	GO:0005654 GO:0016605 GO:0005524 GO:0042802 GO:0046872 GO:0042803 GO:0019901 GO:0004674 GO:0031625 GO:0044257 GO:0006974 GO:0000077 GO:0006975 GO:0006302 GO:0000086 GO:0008630 GO:0045893 GO:0046777 GO:0006468 GO:0050821 GO:0042176 GO:0006355 GO:0090399 GO:0010332 GO:0042770 GO:0072428 GO:0090307 GO:0006351
Gene3D	2.60.200.20
InterPro	IPR000253 IPR011009 IPR000719 IPR002290 IPR008271 IPR008984
Pfam	PF00498 PF00069
SMART	SM00240 SM00220
SUPFAM	SSF49879 SSF56112
PROSITE	PS50006 PS50011 PS00108

Annotations

Qualifier	GO ID	GO term name	Reference	ECO ID	ECO term name	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
	GO:0090399	replicative senescence	PMID:22851694^[1]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Figures 1B and C show the effect of suppressing CHEK2 on replicative senescence.	complete CACAO 7036
	GO:0042127	regulation of cell proliferation	PMID:14608368^[2]	ECO:0000314			P		Figure 1.n. shows that the expression levels of this protein do not differ between senescent and proliferating cells.	complete CACAO 9424
	GO:0042127	regulation of cell proliferation	PMID:14608368^[2]	ECO:0000314			P		Figure 1.n. shows that phosphorylation at threonine 68 is upregulated in senescent cells compared to proliferating cells	complete CACAO 9425
colocalizes_with	GO:0000781	chromosome, telomeric region	PMID:15149599^[3]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0090307	mitotic spindle assembly	PMID:20364141^[4]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0072428	signal transduction involved in intra-S DNA damage checkpoint	PMID:11298456^[5]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0050821	protein stabilization	PMID:12717439^[6]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	has_direct_input:(UniProtKB:Q01094)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046777	protein autophosphorylation	PMID:18644861^[7]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046777	protein autophosphorylation	PMID:16794575^[8]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	PMID:17101782^[9]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0044257	cellular protein catabolic process	PMID:11298456^[5]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	PMID:16794575^[8]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042176	regulation of protein catabolic process	PMID:17101782^[9]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0031625	ubiquitin protein ligase binding	PMID:22266820^[10]	ECO:0000353	physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O76064	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0019901	protein kinase binding	PMID:16481012^[11]	ECO:0000353	physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:Q9H4B4	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0016605	PML body	PMID:12402044^[12]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0008630	intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage	PMID:12717439^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0008630	intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage	PMID:18644861^[7]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0008630	intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage	PMID:12402044^[12]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006975	DNA damage induced protein phosphorylation	PMID:11298456^[5]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006974	cellular response to DNA damage stimulus	PMID:16481012^[11]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	PMID:12717439^[6]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	PMID:12717439^[6]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006302	double-strand break repair	PMID:18317453^[13]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	PMID:12717439^[6]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F	has_direct_input:(UniProtKB:Q01094)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	PMID:16794575^[8]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0000086	G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	PMID:16481012^[11]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0044773	mitotic DNA damage checkpoint	PMID:21873635^[14]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	FB:FBgn0019686 PANTHER:PTN002389571	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042770	signal transduction in response to DNA damage	PMID:21873635^[14]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	MGI:MGI:1355321 PANTHER:PTN002389571 UniProtKB:O96017	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	PMID:21873635^[14]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	PANTHER:PTN002389571 PomBase:SPAC23A1.06c PomBase:SPCC1322.08 UniProtKB:Q7YTF7 WB:WBGene00006993	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005634	nucleus	PMID:21873635^[14]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	FB:FBgn0019686 PANTHER:PTN002389571 PomBase:SPCC1322.08 PomBase:SPCC18B5.11c RGD:621543 SGD:S000006074 UniProtKB:Q5AVW7	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	PMID:21873635^[14]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	MGI:MGI:2152419 PANTHER:PTN002389571 PomBase:SPAC14C4.03 PomBase:SPCC1322.08 PomBase:SPCC18B5.11c RGD:621543 SGD:S000002259 UniProtKB:O96017	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042770	signal transduction in response to DNA damage	PMID:14744935^[15]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006974	cellular response to DNA damage stimulus	PMID:24550317^[16]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0042802	identical protein binding	PMID:18239682^[17]	ECO:0000353	physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O96017	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0042802	identical protein binding	PMID:16794575^[8]	ECO:0000353	physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O96017	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	GO_REF:0000052	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	GO_REF:0000052	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:2000210	positive regulation of anoikis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:2000002	negative regulation of DNA damage checkpoint	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1903926	cellular response to bisphenol A	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1903416	response to glycoside	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0071157	negative regulation of cell cycle arrest	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0035690	cellular response to drug	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0018105	peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016301	kinase activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005634	nucleus	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0001934	positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0000077	DNA damage checkpoint	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9R019 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000074651	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0071480	cellular response to gamma radiation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9Z265 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000066679	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042771	intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9Z265 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000066679	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042770	signal transduction in response to DNA damage	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9Z265 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000066679	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0018105	peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9Z265 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000066679	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010332	response to gamma radiation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9Z265 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000066679	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006978	DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9Z265 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000066679	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006915	apoptotic process	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9Z265 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000066679	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:Q9Z265 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000066679	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR000719 InterPro:IPR008271	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR000719	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR000719 InterPro:IPR008271	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006974	cellular response to DNA damage stimulus	PMID:9836640^[18] PMID:9889122^[19]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	PMID:9836640^[18] Reactome:R-HSA-69685 Reactome:R-HSA-69608 Reactome:R-HSA-6804266 Reactome:R-HSA-5683801 Reactome:R-HSA-349426	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0000077	DNA damage checkpoint	PMID:10617473^[20] PMID:9889122^[19]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1901796	regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Reactome:R-HSA-5633007	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016301	kinase activity	Reactome:R-HSA-75809	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006977	DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	Reactome:R-HSA-69563	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	Reactome:R-HSA-75809 Reactome:R-HSA-69891 Reactome:R-HSA-69685 Reactome:R-HSA-69608 Reactome:R-HSA-6804266 Reactome:R-HSA-5683801 Reactome:R-HSA-5683792 Reactome:R-HSA-5683774 Reactome:R-HSA-5683735 Reactome:R-HSA-349426	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0007049	cell cycle	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0131	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016301	kinase activity	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0418	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0067	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005634	nucleus	GO_REF:0000037 GO_REF:0000039	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0539 UniProtKB-SubCell:SL-0191	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051301	cell division	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0132	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016740	transferase activity	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0808	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0547	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0046872	metal ion binding	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0479	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0723	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0016310	phosphorylation	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0418	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006974	cellular response to DNA damage stimulus	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0227	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006281	DNA repair	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0234	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006915	apoptotic process	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0053	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	GO_REF:0000039	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-SubCell:SL-0190	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0016605	PML body	GO_REF:0000039	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-SubCell:SL-0465	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
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Notes

References

See Help:References for how to manage references in GONUTS.

↑ Nguyen, CL et al. (2012) Nek4 regulates entry into replicative senescence and the response to DNA damage in human fibroblasts. Mol. Cell. Biol. 32 3963-77 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 d'Adda di Fagagna, F et al. (2003) A DNA damage checkpoint response in telomere-initiated senescence. Nature 426 194-8 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Herbig, U et al. (2004) Telomere shortening triggers senescence of human cells through a pathway involving ATM, p53, and p21(CIP1), but not p16(INK4a). Mol. Cell 14 501-13 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Stolz, A et al. (2010) The CHK2-BRCA1 tumour suppressor pathway ensures chromosomal stability in human somatic cells. Nat. Cell Biol. 12 492-9 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Falck, J et al. (2001) The ATM-Chk2-Cdc25A checkpoint pathway guards against radioresistant DNA synthesis. Nature 410 842-7 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 ^6.4 Stevens, C et al. (2003) Chk2 activates E2F-1 in response to DNA damage. Nat. Cell Biol. 5 401-9 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Lovly, CM et al. (2008) Regulation of Chk2 ubiquitination and signaling through autophosphorylation of serine 379. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28 5874-85 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 Oliver, AW et al. (2006) Trans-activation of the DNA-damage signalling protein kinase Chk2 by T-loop exchange. EMBO J. 25 3179-90 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 Tan, Y et al. (2007) Chk2 mediates stabilization of the FoxM1 transcription factor to stimulate expression of DNA repair genes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27 1007-16 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Feng, L & Chen, J (2012) The E3 ligase RNF8 regulates KU80 removal and NHEJ repair. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 19 201-6 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 Bahassi, el M et al. (2006) Priming phosphorylation of Chk2 by polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) mediates its full activation by ATM and a downstream checkpoint in response to DNA damage. Mutat. Res. 596 166-76 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^12.0 ^12.1 Yang, S et al. (2002) PML-dependent apoptosis after DNA damage is regulated by the checkpoint kinase hCds1/Chk2. Nat. Cell Biol. 4 865-70 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Bahassi, EM et al. (2008) The checkpoint kinases Chk1 and Chk2 regulate the functional associations between hBRCA2 and Rad51 in response to DNA damage. Oncogene 27 3977-85 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^14.0 ^14.1 ^14.2 ^14.3 ^14.4 Gaudet, P et al. (2011) Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Brief. Bioinformatics 12 449-62 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Qu, L et al. (2004) Endoplasmic reticulum stress induces p53 cytoplasmic localization and prevents p53-dependent apoptosis by a pathway involving glycogen synthase kinase-3beta. Genes Dev. 18 261-77 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Khoury-Haddad, H et al. (2014) PARP1-dependent recruitment of KDM4D histone demethylase to DNA damage sites promotes double-strand break repair. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111 E728-37 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Pike, AC et al. (2008) Activation segment dimerization: a mechanism for kinase autophosphorylation of non-consensus sites. EMBO J. 27 704-14 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^18.0 ^18.1 Matsuoka, S et al. (1998) Linkage of ATM to cell cycle regulation by the Chk2 protein kinase. Science 282 1893-7 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^19.0 ^19.1 Blasina, A et al. (1999) A human homologue of the checkpoint kinase Cds1 directly inhibits Cdc25 phosphatase. Curr. Biol. 9 1-10 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Bell, DW et al. (1999) Heterozygous germ line hCHK2 mutations in Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Science 286 2528-31 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:22851694-1] Nguyen, CL et al. (2012) Nek4 regulates entry into replicative senescence and the response to DNA damage in human fibroblasts. Mol. Cell. Biol. 32 3963-77 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:14608368-2] 2.0 ^2.1 d'Adda di Fagagna, F et al. (2003) A DNA damage checkpoint response in telomere-initiated senescence. Nature 426 194-8 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:15149599-3] Herbig, U et al. (2004) Telomere shortening triggers senescence of human cells through a pathway involving ATM, p53, and p21(CIP1), but not p16(INK4a). Mol. Cell 14 501-13 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:20364141-4] Stolz, A et al. (2010) The CHK2-BRCA1 tumour suppressor pathway ensures chromosomal stability in human somatic cells. Nat. Cell Biol. 12 492-9 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:11298456-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Falck, J et al. (2001) The ATM-Chk2-Cdc25A checkpoint pathway guards against radioresistant DNA synthesis. Nature 410 842-7 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12717439-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 ^6.4 Stevens, C et al. (2003) Chk2 activates E2F-1 in response to DNA damage. Nat. Cell Biol. 5 401-9 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:18644861-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Lovly, CM et al. (2008) Regulation of Chk2 ubiquitination and signaling through autophosphorylation of serine 379. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28 5874-85 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16794575-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 Oliver, AW et al. (2006) Trans-activation of the DNA-damage signalling protein kinase Chk2 by T-loop exchange. EMBO J. 25 3179-90 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:17101782-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Tan, Y et al. (2007) Chk2 mediates stabilization of the FoxM1 transcription factor to stimulate expression of DNA repair genes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27 1007-16 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:22266820-10] Feng, L & Chen, J (2012) The E3 ligase RNF8 regulates KU80 removal and NHEJ repair. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 19 201-6 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16481012-11] 11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 Bahassi, el M et al. (2006) Priming phosphorylation of Chk2 by polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) mediates its full activation by ATM and a downstream checkpoint in response to DNA damage. Mutat. Res. 596 166-76 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12402044-12] 12.0 ^12.1 Yang, S et al. (2002) PML-dependent apoptosis after DNA damage is regulated by the checkpoint kinase hCds1/Chk2. Nat. Cell Biol. 4 865-70 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:18317453-13] Bahassi, EM et al. (2008) The checkpoint kinases Chk1 and Chk2 regulate the functional associations between hBRCA2 and Rad51 in response to DNA damage. Oncogene 27 3977-85 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:21873635-14] 14.0 ^14.1 ^14.2 ^14.3 ^14.4 Gaudet, P et al. (2011) Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Brief. Bioinformatics 12 449-62 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:14744935-15] Qu, L et al. (2004) Endoplasmic reticulum stress induces p53 cytoplasmic localization and prevents p53-dependent apoptosis by a pathway involving glycogen synthase kinase-3beta. Genes Dev. 18 261-77 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:24550317-16] Khoury-Haddad, H et al. (2014) PARP1-dependent recruitment of KDM4D histone demethylase to DNA damage sites promotes double-strand break repair. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111 E728-37 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:18239682-17] Pike, AC et al. (2008) Activation segment dimerization: a mechanism for kinase autophosphorylation of non-consensus sites. EMBO J. 27 704-14 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:9836640-18] 18.0 ^18.1 Matsuoka, S et al. (1998) Linkage of ATM to cell cycle regulation by the Chk2 protein kinase. Science 282 1893-7 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:9889122-19] 19.0 ^19.1 Blasina, A et al. (1999) A human homologue of the checkpoint kinase Cds1 directly inhibits Cdc25 phosphatase. Curr. Biol. 9 1-10 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:10617473-20] Bell, DW et al. (1999) Heterozygous germ line hCHK2 mutations in Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Science 286 2528-31 PubMed GONUTS page

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