PMID:28432478

Citation	'Park, HY, Lee, KC, Jang, YH, Kim, SK, Thu, MP, Lee, JH and Kim, JK (2017) The Arabidopsis splicing factors, AtU2AF65, AtU2AF35, and AtSF1 shuttle between nuclei and cytoplasms. Plant Cell Rep. '
Abstract	The Arabidopsis splicing factors, AtU2AF65, AtU2AF35, and AtSF1 shuttle between nuclei and cytoplasms. These proteins also move rapidly and continuously in the nuclei, and their movements are affected by ATP depletion. The U2AF65 proteins are splicing factors that interact with SF1 and U2AF35 proteins to promote U2snRNP for the recognition of the pre-mRNA 3' splice site during early spliceosome assembly. We have determined the subcellular localization and movement of these proteins' Arabidopsis homologs. It was found that Arabidopsis U2AF65 homologs, AtU2AF65a, and AtU2AF65b proteins interact with AtU2AF35a and AtU2AF35b, which are Arabidopsis U2AF35 homologs. We have examined the mobility of these proteins including AtSF1 using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and fluorescence loss in photobleaching analyses. These proteins displayed dynamic movements in nuclei and their movements were affected by ATP depletion. We have also demonstrated that these proteins shuttle between nuclei and cytoplasms, suggesting that they may also function in cytoplasm. These results indicate that such splicing factors show very similar characteristics to their human counterparts, suggesting evolutionary conservation.
Links	PubMed Online version:10.1007/s00299-017-2142-z
Keywords
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
ARATH:F4JQG2		GO:0005654: nucleoplasm	ECO:0000314:		C		Protein called AtU2AF65 in A. thaliana. "As shown in Fig. 2, strong nucleoplasm GFP fluorescence was found except the dark circled area which is presumably nucleolus. We performed FRAP analysis of two areas (nucleoplasm and nucleolus). In the nucleolus area, photobleaching was done to expand the dark circled area. Fluorescence recovered rapidly after photobleaching in both areas, indicating that Arabidopsis U2AF and SF1 proteins are highly mobile nuclear proteins, like the RSZp22 protein."	complete CACAO 12815
ARATH:F4JQG2		GO:0005730: nucleolus	ECO:0000314:		C		Protein called AtU2AF65 in A. thaliana. "As shown in Fig. 2, strong nucleoplasm GFP fluorescence was found except the dark circled area which is presumably nucleolus. We performed FRAP analysis of two areas (nucleoplasm and nucleolus). In the nucleolus area, photobleaching was done to expand the dark circled area. Fluorescence recovered rapidly after photobleaching in both areas, indicating that Arabidopsis U2AF and SF1 proteins are highly mobile nuclear proteins, like the RSZp22 protein."	complete CACAO 12816
ARATH:F4JQG2		GO:0006913: nucleocytoplasmic transport	ECO:0000314:		P		Protein called AtU2AF65 in A. thaliana. "As shown in Fig. 5, the GFP fluorescence of all these proteins in nuclei was strongly reduced during the course of cytoplasmic photobleaching. … These results demonstrate that AtU2AF35, AtU2AF65, and AtSF1 are nucleocytoplasmic shuttling proteins"	complete CACAO 12832
ARATH:A8MRI1		GO:0005654: nucleoplasm	ECO:0000314:		C		Protein called AtU2AF35 in A. thaliana. "As shown in Fig. 2, strong nucleoplasm GFP fluorescence was found except the dark circled area which is presumably nucleolus. We performed FRAP analysis of two areas (nucleoplasm and nucleolus). In the nucleolus area, photobleaching was done to expand the dark circled area. Fluorescence recovered rapidly after photobleaching in both areas, indicating that Arabidopsis U2AF and SF1 proteins are highly mobile nuclear proteins, like the RSZp22 protein."	complete CACAO 12818
ARATH:A8MRI1		GO:0005730: nucleolus	ECO:0000314:		C		Protein called AtU2AF35 in A. thaliana. "As shown in Fig. 2, strong nucleoplasm GFP fluorescence was found except the dark circled area which is presumably nucleolus. We performed FRAP analysis of two areas (nucleoplasm and nucleolus). In the nucleolus area, photobleaching was done to expand the dark circled area. Fluorescence recovered rapidly after photobleaching in both areas, indicating that Arabidopsis U2AF and SF1 proteins are highly mobile nuclear proteins, like the RSZp22 protein."	complete CACAO 12819
ARATH:A8MRI1		GO:0006913: nucleocytoplasmic transport	ECO:0000314:		P		Protein called AtU2AF35 in A. thaliana. "As shown in Fig. 5, the GFP fluorescence of all these proteins in nuclei was strongly reduced during the course of cytoplasmic photobleaching. … These results demonstrate that AtU2AF35, AtU2AF65, and AtSF1 are nucleocytoplasmic shuttling proteins"	complete CACAO 12831
ARATH:Q9LU44		GO:0005654: nucleoplasm	ECO:0000314:		C		Protein called AtSF1 in A. thaliana. "As shown in Fig. 2, strong nucleoplasm GFP fluorescence was found except the dark circled area which is presumably nucleolus. We performed FRAP analysis of two areas (nucleoplasm and nucleolus). In the nucleolus area, photobleaching was done to expand the dark circled area. Fluorescence recovered rapidly after photobleaching in both areas, indicating that Arabidopsis U2AF and SF1 proteins are highly mobile nuclear proteins, like the RSZp22 protein."	complete CACAO 12822
ARATH:Q9LU44		GO:0005730: nucleolus	ECO:0000314:		C		Protein called AtSF1 in A. thaliana. "As shown in Fig. 2, strong nucleoplasm GFP fluorescence was found except the dark circled area which is presumably nucleolus. We performed FRAP analysis of two areas (nucleoplasm and nucleolus). In the nucleolus area, photobleaching was done to expand the dark circled area. Fluorescence recovered rapidly after photobleaching in both areas, indicating that Arabidopsis U2AF and SF1 proteins are highly mobile nuclear proteins, like the RSZp22 protein."	complete CACAO 12823
ARATH:Q9LU44		GO:0006913: nucleocytoplasmic transport	ECO:0000314:		P		Protein called AtSF1 in A. thaliana. "As shown in Fig. 5, the GFP fluorescence of all these proteins in nuclei was strongly reduced during the course of cytoplasmic photobleaching. … These results demonstrate that AtU2AF35, AtU2AF65, and AtSF1 are nucleocytoplasmic shuttling proteins"	complete CACAO 12829

References

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