PMID:20190077

Citation	Garcia-Ruiz, H, Takeda, A, Chapman, EJ, Sullivan, CM, Fahlgren, N, Brempelis, KJ and Carrington, JC (2010) Arabidopsis RNA-dependent RNA polymerases and dicer-like proteins in antiviral defense and small interfering RNA biogenesis during Turnip Mosaic Virus infection. Plant Cell 22:481-96
Abstract	Plants respond to virus infections by activation of RNA-based silencing, which limits infection at both the single-cell and system levels. Viruses encode RNA silencing suppressor proteins that interfere with this response. Wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana is immune to silencing suppressor (HC-Pro)-deficient Turnip mosaic virus, but immunity was lost in the absence of DICER-LIKE proteins DCL4 and DCL2. Systematic analysis of susceptibility and small RNA formation in Arabidopsis mutants lacking combinations of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDR) and DCL proteins revealed that the vast majority of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were dependent on DCL4 and RDR1, although full antiviral defense also required DCL2 and RDR6. Among the DCLs, DCL4 was sufficient for antiviral silencing in inoculated leaves, but DCL2 and DCL4 were both involved in silencing in systemic tissues (inflorescences). Basal levels of antiviral RNA silencing and siRNA biogenesis were detected in mutants lacking RDR1, RDR2, and RDR6, indicating an alternate route to form double-stranded RNA that does not depend on the three previously characterized RDR proteins.
Links	PubMed PMC2845422 Online version:10.1105/tpc.109.073056
Keywords	Arabidopsis/enzymology; Arabidopsis/genetics; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/metabolism; Mutation; Plant Viruses/genetics; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics; Ribonuclease III/genetics
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
ARATH:DCL4		GO:0009616: virus induced gene silencing	ECO:0000315:		P		Figure 5.A. (right) shows that only mutants lacking DCL4 (dcl4, dcl2/dcl4, dcl3/dcl4, and dcl2/dcl3/dcl4), when infected with TuMV-AS9-GFP (which lacks a silencing suppressor), have infection levels comparable to when infected with TuMV-GFP.	complete CACAO 8200
ARATH:RDR1		GO:0030422: production of siRNA involved in RNA interference	ECO:0000315:		P		Notes: Fig. 8 shows significant differences in TuMV-GFP–derived siRNA accumulation among the mutants; accumulation of siRNAs derived from the cylindrical inclusion (CI) or from the 5′ UTR of TuMV was significantly reduced in each single, double, and triple mutants with the rdr1-1 allele. This suggests that RDR1 is a major contributor to biogenesis of TuMV-derived siRNAs.	complete CACAO 8265
ARATH:RDR1	involved_in	GO:0030422: production of siRNA involved in RNA interference	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete

References

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