HUMAN:IL6

Species (Taxon ID)	Homo sapiens (Human). (9606)
Gene Name(s)	IL6 (synonyms: IFNB2)
Protein Name(s)	Interleukin-6 IL-6 B-cell stimulatory factor 2 BSF-2 CTL differentiation factor CDF Hybridoma growth factor Interferon beta-2 IFN-beta-2
External Links
UniProt	P05231
EMBL	X04430 M14584 X04602 Y00081 M18403 M29150 X04402 X04403 M54894 S56892 AF372214 BC015511
CCDS	CCDS5375.1
PIR	A32648
RefSeq	NP_000591.1
UniGene	Hs.654458
PDB	1ALU 1IL6 1N2Q 1P9M 2IL6 4CNI 4J4L 4NI7 4NI9
PDBsum	1ALU 1IL6 1N2Q 1P9M 2IL6 4CNI 4J4L 4NI7 4NI9
ProteinModelPortal	P05231
SMR	P05231
BioGrid	109783
DIP	DIP-482N
IntAct	P05231
MINT	MINT-190042
STRING	9606.ENSP00000258743
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1795129
DrugBank	DB01404
PhosphoSite	P05231
DMDM	124347
MaxQB	P05231
PaxDb	P05231
PRIDE	P05231
DNASU	3569
Ensembl	ENST00000258743 ENST00000404625
GeneID	3569
KEGG	hsa:3569
UCSC	uc003svj.4
CTD	3569
GeneCards	GC07P022765
H-InvDB	HIX0167872
HGNC	HGNC:6018
HPA	CAB023406
MIM	147620 148000 604302
neXtProt	NX_P05231
Orphanet	206 85414
PharmGKB	PA198
eggNOG	NOG48083
HOGENOM	HOG000236330
HOVERGEN	HBG000471
InParanoid	P05231
KO	K05405
OMA	FNQETCL
OrthoDB	EOG7QG453
PhylomeDB	P05231
TreeFam	TF335984
Reactome	REACT_1183 REACT_1391 REACT_169168 REACT_27307
SignaLink	P05231
ChiTaRS	IL6
EvolutionaryTrace	P05231
GeneWiki	Interleukin_6
GenomeRNAi	3569
NextBio	13950
PMAP-CutDB	P05231
PRO	PR:P05231
Proteomes	UP000005640
Bgee	P05231
CleanEx	HS_IL6
ExpressionAtlas	P05231
Genevestigator	P05231
GO	GO:0005737 GO:0009897 GO:0005576 GO:0005615 GO:0005896 GO:0005125 GO:0008083 GO:0005138 GO:0006953 GO:0007568 GO:0046849 GO:0060445 GO:0016049 GO:0045454 GO:0071549 GO:0070301 GO:0071347 GO:0071222 GO:0071356 GO:0019221 GO:0050829 GO:0050830 GO:0042832 GO:0051607 GO:0031018 GO:0060664 GO:0070091 GO:0002384 GO:0006959 GO:0006954 GO:0070102 GO:0002548 GO:0046716 GO:0043066 GO:0008285 GO:0045079 GO:0032966 GO:0043154 GO:0050710 GO:0045599 GO:0045721 GO:0046888 GO:0010888 GO:0048635 GO:1901215 GO:0006469 GO:0031175 GO:0001781 GO:0002446 GO:0030168 GO:0002675 GO:0043065 GO:0050871 GO:0008284 GO:0032722 GO:0045740 GO:0050679 GO:0070374 GO:0051024 GO:0032755 GO:0046427 GO:0002690 GO:0043410 GO:0045666 GO:0045429 GO:0045669 GO:0033138 GO:0050731 GO:0033160 GO:0051897 GO:0051091 GO:0048661 GO:2000366 GO:0042102 GO:0045630 GO:0045944 GO:0045893 GO:0045727 GO:0051971 GO:2000676 GO:0042517 GO:0045765 GO:0008360 GO:0045188 GO:0010574 GO:0043200 GO:0046677 GO:0010996 GO:0031000 GO:0051592 GO:0009409 GO:0042493 GO:0051602 GO:0051384 GO:0009408 GO:0032868 GO:0031667 GO:0032494 GO:0072540
Gene3D	1.20.1250.10
InterPro	IPR009079 IPR012351 IPR003574 IPR003573
PANTHER	PTHR11457
Pfam	PF00489
PIRSF	PIRSF001935
PRINTS	PR00433 PR00434
SMART	SM00126
SUPFAM	SSF47266
PROSITE	PS00254

Annotations

Qualifier	GO ID	GO term name	Reference	ECO ID	ECO term name	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
involved_in	GO:0010628	positive regulation of gene expression	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P20607	P	regulates_o_occurs_in:(CL:0000129) occurs_in:(CL:2000043) regulates_expression_of:(ENSEMBL:ENSG00000007171)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045380	positive regulation of interleukin-17 biosynthetic process	PMID:25362566^[1]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08505	P	occurs_in:(UBERON:0000955)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010575	positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production	PMID:28433754^[2]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P	part_of:(GO:0071333) occurs_in:(CL:0002585)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042531	positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein	PMID:28433754^[2]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P	part_of:(GO:0071333) occurs_in:(CL:0002585) has_regulation_target:(UniProtKB:P40763)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1902512	positive regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation	PMID:28433754^[2]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P	part_of:(GO:0071333) occurs_in:(CL:0002585)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell population proliferation	PMID:25809226^[3]	ECO:0000316	genetic interaction evidence used in manual assertion	RNAcentral:URS00004208C5_9606	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0060252	positive regulation of glial cell proliferation	PMID:2104886^[4]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	results_in_division_of:(CL:0000127)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010718	positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	PMID:25916550^[5]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0090091	positive regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly	PMID:26587789^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	PMID:17875732^[7]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P	has_regulation_target:(UniProtKB:Q7Z7D3)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	PMID:16606666^[8]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	has_regulation_target:(UniProtKB:Q7Z7D3)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:2000553	positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08505	P	has_regulation_target:(UniProtKB:P22301)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:2000660	negative regulation of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08505	P	part_of:(GO:0045779)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045779	negative regulation of bone resorption	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08505	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010628	positive regulation of gene expression	PMID:19390056^[9]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	has_regulation_target:(RNAcentral:URS0000574A2C_9606) regulates:(GO:0035195) occurs_in:(CL:1001568)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042531	positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein	PMID:19390056^[9]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	regulates:(GO:0061614) occurs_in:(CL:1001568)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0070102	interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway	PMID:16946298^[10]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	occurs_in:(UBERON:0002107)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	PMID:16946298^[10]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P	occurs_in:(UBERON:0002107) has_regulation_target:(UniProtKB:P81172)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005125	cytokine activity	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08505	F	part_of:(GO:0070102)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0070091	glucagon secretion	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08505	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08505	P	has_regulation_target:(UniProtKB:P81172) part_of:(GO:0070102)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0031018	endocrine pancreas development	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08505	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045669	positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation	PMID:30545407^[11]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046427	positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	PMID:17324931^[12]	ECO:0000305	curator inference used in manual assertion	GO:0045944	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0070301	cellular response to hydrogen peroxide	PMID:19168699^[13]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0070102	interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway	PMID:12552091^[14]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051607	defense response to virus	PMID:3023045^[15]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051384	response to glucocorticoid	PMID:10443688^[16]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
NOT\|involved_in	GO:0051092	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	PMID:12419823^[17]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051091	positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity	PMID:7749983^[18]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051024	positive regulation of immunoglobulin secretion	PMID:3491322^[19]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0050871	positive regulation of B cell activation	PMID:3491322^[19]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0048661	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	PMID:10510402^[20]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046427	positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	PMID:17324931^[12]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046427	positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	PMID:12552091^[14]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046427	positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	PMID:12419823^[17]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	PMID:17324931^[12]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	PMID:7749983^[18]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045765	regulation of angiogenesis	PMID:8557680^[21]	ECO:0000305	curator inference used in manual assertion	GO:0010574	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045599	negative regulation of fat cell differentiation	PMID:16464856^[22]	ECO:0000303	author statement without traceable support used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0043410	positive regulation of MAPK cascade	PMID:12419823^[17]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
	GO:0070102	interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway	PMID:24455461^[23]	ECO:0000314			P		Figure 2 shows that interaction of PMs with microbacteria occurred with increased IL-6 concentrations	complete CACAO 9222
involved_in	GO:0042531	positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein	PMID:12643274^[24]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042102	positive regulation of T cell proliferation	PMID:3130269^[25]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032966	negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process	PMID:12419823^[17]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032755	positive regulation of interleukin-6 production	PMID:10510402^[20]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032722	positive regulation of chemokine production	PMID:16034137^[26]	ECO:0000303	author statement without traceable support used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
	GO:0042127	regulation of cell proliferation	PMID:24453423^[27]	ECO:0000314			P		Table 4 says that increased IL-6 concentrations show early endothelial activation in RA patients	complete CACAO 9221
involved_in	GO:0032722	positive regulation of chemokine production	PMID:10510402^[20]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032494	response to peptidoglycan	PMID:16034137^[26]	ECO:0000303	author statement without traceable support used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0031175	neuron projection development	PMID:3264880^[28]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0019221	cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	PMID:2261637^[29]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0019221	cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	PMID:12643274^[24]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010888	negative regulation of lipid storage	PMID:16464856^[22]	ECO:0000303	author statement without traceable support used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010574	regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production	PMID:8557680^[21]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell population proliferation	PMID:18719127^[30]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell population proliferation	PMID:2261637^[29]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0008083	growth factor activity	PMID:2261637^[29]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0008083	growth factor activity	PMID:12643274^[24]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006959	humoral immune response	PMID:3491322^[19]	ECO:0000305	curator inference used in manual assertion	GO:0051024	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006954	inflammatory response	PMID:10443688^[16]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005896	interleukin-6 receptor complex	PMID:2261637^[29]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005896	interleukin-6 receptor complex	PMID:12829785^[31]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005615	extracellular space	PMID:3023045^[15]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005615	extracellular space	PMID:16034137^[26]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005615	extracellular space	PMID:10443688^[16]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
contributes_to	GO:0005138	interleukin-6 receptor binding	PMID:12829785^[31]	ECO:0000353	physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P40189	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005138	interleukin-6 receptor binding	PMID:12829785^[31]	ECO:0000353	physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08887	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005125	cytokine activity	PMID:3023045^[15]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005125	cytokine activity	PMID:3491322^[19]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005125	cytokine activity	PMID:10443688^[16]	ECO:0000303	author statement without traceable support used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002675	positive regulation of acute inflammatory response	PMID:2444978^[32]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002548	monocyte chemotaxis	PMID:10510402^[20]	ECO:0000305	curator inference used in manual assertion	GO:0032722	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002384	hepatic immune response	PMID:2444978^[32]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0072540	T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08505	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045727	positive regulation of translation	PMID:16732314^[33]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045079	negative regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:P08505	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	PMID:7595060^[34]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process	PMID:9949178^[35]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005138	interleukin-6 receptor binding	PMID:1883960^[36]	ECO:0000303	author statement without traceable support used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0001781	neutrophil apoptotic process	PMID:7595060^[34]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0071222	cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	PMID:23776175^[37]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0050731	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	PMID:7508917^[38]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	PMID:7508917^[38]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0043410	positive regulation of MAPK cascade	PMID:7508917^[38]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0033138	positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	PMID:7508917^[38]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000364	evidence based on logical inference from manual annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0005125	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000366	evidence based on logical inference from automatic annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0005125	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000364	evidence based on logical inference from manual annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0005125	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000364	evidence based on logical inference from manual annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0008083	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000364	evidence based on logical inference from manual annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0008083	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000364	evidence based on logical inference from manual annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0008083	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000364	evidence based on logical inference from manual annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0005125	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000364	evidence based on logical inference from manual annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0005125	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000366	evidence based on logical inference from automatic annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0005125	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000366	evidence based on logical inference from automatic annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0008083	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005125	cytokine activity	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR030474	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005138	interleukin-6 receptor binding	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR003574	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005576	extracellular region	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR003574 InterPro:IPR030474	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006955	immune response	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR003574 InterPro:IPR030474	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0050768	negative regulation of neurogenesis	PMID:20018408^[39]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P	has_agent:(CL:0000129)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1903978	regulation of microglial cell activation	PMID:29702085^[40]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0061888	regulation of astrocyte activation	PMID:29702085^[40]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0070050	neuron cellular homeostasis	PMID:29702085^[40]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0150077	regulation of neuroinflammatory response	PMID:29702085^[40]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1905603	regulation of maintenance of permeability of blood-brain barrier	PMID:29702085^[40]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0150078	positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response	PMID:26753638^[41]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0008285	negative regulation of cell population proliferation	PMID:3023045^[15]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0008083	growth factor activity	PMID:2829354^[42]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005138	interleukin-6 receptor binding	PMID:10925276^[43]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:2000676	positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process	PMID:18719127^[30]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0050830	defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	PMID:16034137^[26]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0050829	defense response to Gram-negative bacterium	PMID:16034137^[26]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045669	positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation	PMID:12372336^[44]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0030168	platelet activation	PMID:7831669^[45]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006953	acute-phase response	PMID:12832423^[46]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002690	positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis	PMID:16034137^[26]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002446	neutrophil mediated immunity	PMID:16034137^[26]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002384	hepatic immune response	PMID:12832423^[46]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0070102	interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway	Reactome:R-HSA-1059683	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process	Reactome:R-HSA-392499	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0043687	post-translational protein modification	Reactome:R-HSA-597592	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0019221	cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	Reactome:R-HSA-6785807 Reactome:R-HSA-6783783	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005788	endoplasmic reticulum lumen	Reactome:R-HSA-8952289	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005576	extracellular region	Reactome:R-HSA-6789615 Reactome:R-HSA-6789524 Reactome:R-HSA-6784160 Reactome:R-HSA-3790130 Reactome:R-HSA-1112755 Reactome:R-HSA-1112727 Reactome:R-HSA-1112708 Reactome:R-HSA-1112703 Reactome:R-HSA-1112690 Reactome:R-HSA-1112604 Reactome:R-HSA-1112602 Reactome:R-HSA-1112565 Reactome:R-HSA-1112514 Reactome:R-HSA-1112510 Reactome:R-HSA-1067688 Reactome:R-HSA-1067676 Reactome:R-HSA-1067667 Reactome:R-HSA-1067659 Reactome:R-HSA-1067651 Reactome:R-HSA-1067640	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005125	cytokine activity	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0202	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0008083	growth factor activity	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0339	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005615	extracellular space	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0202	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006953	acute-phase response	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0011	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005576	extracellular region	GO_REF:0000037 GO_REF:0000039	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0964 UniProtKB-SubCell:SL-0243	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
edit table

Notes

References

See Help:References for how to manage references in GONUTS.

↑ Zhang, R et al. (2015) miR26a modulates Th17/T reg balance in the EAE model of multiple sclerosis by targeting IL6. Neuromolecular Med. 17 24-34 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Ye, EA & Steinle, JJ (2017) miR-146a suppresses STAT3/VEGF pathways and reduces apoptosis through IL-6 signaling in primary human retinal microvascular endothelial cells in high glucose conditions. Vision Res. 139 15-22 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Zhang, J et al. (2016) Down-regulation of microRNA-9 leads to activation of IL-6/Jak/STAT3 pathway through directly targeting IL-6 in HeLa cell. Mol. Carcinog. 55 732-42 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Selmaj, KW et al. (1990) Proliferation of astrocytes in vitro in response to cytokines. A primary role for tumor necrosis factor. J. Immunol. 144 129-35 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Li, P et al. (2015) Epigenetic silencing of microRNA-149 in cancer-associated fibroblasts mediates prostaglandin E2/interleukin-6 signaling in the tumor microenvironment. Cell Res. 25 588-603 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Ji, ML et al. (2016) Dysregulated miR-98 Contributes to Extracellular Matrix Degradation by Targeting IL-6/STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Human Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. J. Bone Miner. Res. 31 900-9 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Kryczek, I et al. (2007) Relationship between B7-H4, regulatory T cells, and patient outcome in human ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res. 67 8900-5 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Kryczek, I et al. (2006) B7-H4 expression identifies a novel suppressive macrophage population in human ovarian carcinoma. J. Exp. Med. 203 871-81 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 Brock, M et al. (2009) Interleukin-6 modulates the expression of the bone morphogenic protein receptor type II through a novel STAT3-microRNA cluster 17/92 pathway. Circ. Res. 104 1184-91 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 Verga Falzacappa, MV et al. (2007) STAT3 mediates hepatic hepcidin expression and its inflammatory stimulation. Blood 109 353-8 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Wu, R et al. (2018) Long non-coding RNA HIF1A-AS2 facilitates adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) osteogenic differentiation through miR-665/IL6 axis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 9 348 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 Theiss, AL et al. (2007) Interleukin-6 transcriptionally regulates prohibitin expression in intestinal epithelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 282 12804-12 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Waxman, AB & Kolliputi, N (2009) IL-6 protects against hyperoxia-induced mitochondrial damage via Bcl-2-induced Bak interactions with mitofusins. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 41 385-96 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^14.0 ^14.1 Leung, KC et al. (2003) Estrogen inhibits GH signaling by suppressing GH-induced JAK2 phosphorylation, an effect mediated by SOCS-2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 1016-21 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 ^15.2 ^15.3 Zilberstein, A et al. (1986) Structure and expression of cDNA and genes for human interferon-beta-2, a distinct species inducible by growth-stimulatory cytokines. EMBO J. 5 2529-37 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^16.0 ^16.1 ^16.2 ^16.3 Franchimont, D et al. (1999) Tumor necrosis factor alpha decreases, and interleukin-10 increases, the sensitivity of human monocytes to dexamethasone: potential regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84 2834-9 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^17.0 ^17.1 ^17.2 ^17.3 Legendre, F et al. (2003) JAK/STAT but not ERK1/ERK2 pathway mediates interleukin (IL)-6/soluble IL-6R down-regulation of Type II collagen, aggrecan core, and link protein transcription in articular chondrocytes. Association with a down-regulation of SOX9 expression. J. Biol. Chem. 278 2903-12 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^18.0 ^18.1 Stüber, E et al. (1995) Cross-linking of OX40 ligand, a member of the TNF/NGF cytokine family, induces proliferation and differentiation in murine splenic B cells. Immunity 2 507-21 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^19.0 ^19.1 ^19.2 ^19.3 Hirano, T et al. () Complementary DNA for a novel human interleukin (BSF-2) that induces B lymphocytes to produce immunoglobulin. Nature 324 73-6 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^20.0 ^20.1 ^20.2 ^20.3 Klouche, M et al. (1999) Novel path to activation of vascular smooth muscle cells: up-regulation of gp130 creates an autocrine activation loop by IL-6 and its soluble receptor. J. Immunol. 163 4583-9 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^21.0 ^21.1 Cohen, T et al. (1996) Interleukin 6 induces the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. J. Biol. Chem. 271 736-41 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^22.0 ^22.1 Gustafson, B & Smith, U (2006) Cytokines promote Wnt signaling and inflammation and impair the normal differentiation and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 281 9507-16 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Singh, PP & Goyal, A (2013) Interleukin-6: a potent biomarker of mycobacterial infection. Springerplus 2 686 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^24.0 ^24.1 ^24.2 Schuster, B et al. (2003) Signaling of human ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) revisited. The interleukin-6 receptor can serve as an alpha-receptor for CTNF. J. Biol. Chem. 278 9528-35 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Houssiau, FA et al. (1988) Synergistic activation of human T cells by interleukin 1 and interleukin 6. Eur. J. Immunol. 18 653-6 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^26.0 ^26.1 ^26.2 ^26.3 ^26.4 ^26.5 ^26.6 Gómez, MI et al. (2005) Bacterial induction of TNF-alpha converting enzyme expression and IL-6 receptor alpha shedding regulates airway inflammatory signaling. J. Immunol. 175 1930-6 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Dessein, PH et al. (2013) Marked independent relationship between circulating interleukin-6 concentrations and endothelial activation in rheumatoid arthritis. Mediators Inflamm. 2013 510243 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Satoh, T et al. (1988) Induction of neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells by B-cell stimulatory factor 2/interleukin 6. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8 3546-9 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^29.0 ^29.1 ^29.2 ^29.3 Hibi, M et al. (1990) Molecular cloning and expression of an IL-6 signal transducer, gp130. Cell 63 1149-57 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^30.0 ^30.1 Ellingsgaard, H et al. (2008) Interleukin-6 regulates pancreatic alpha-cell mass expansion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 13163-8 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^31.0 ^31.1 ^31.2 Boulanger, MJ et al. (2003) Hexameric structure and assembly of the interleukin-6/IL-6 alpha-receptor/gp130 complex. Science 300 2101-4 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^32.0 ^32.1 Gauldie, J et al. (1987) Interferon beta 2/B-cell stimulatory factor type 2 shares identity with monocyte-derived hepatocyte-stimulating factor and regulates the major acute phase protein response in liver cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 7251-5 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Brocke-Heidrich, K et al. (2006) BCL3 is induced by IL-6 via Stat3 binding to intronic enhancer HS4 and represses its own transcription. Oncogene 25 7297-304 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^34.0 ^34.1 Biffl, WL et al. (1995) Interleukin-6 suppression of neutrophil apoptosis is neutrophil concentration dependent. J. Leukoc. Biol. 58 582-4 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Oritani, K et al. (1999) Both Stat3-activation and Stat3-independent BCL2 downregulation are important for interleukin-6-induced apoptosis of 1A9-M cells. Blood 93 1346-54 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ May, LT et al. (1991) Marked cell-type-specific differences in glycosylation of human interleukin-6. Cytokine 3 204-11 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Dauphinee, SM et al. (2013) SASH1 is a scaffold molecule in endothelial TLR4 signaling. J. Immunol. 191 892-901 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^38.0 ^38.1 ^38.2 ^38.3 Yin, T & Yang, YC (1994) Mitogen-activated protein kinases and ribosomal S6 protein kinases are involved in signaling pathways shared by interleukin-11, interleukin-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, and oncostatin M in mouse 3T3-L1 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269 3731-8 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Bachstetter, AD et al. (2011) Fractalkine and CX 3 CR1 regulate hippocampal neurogenesis in adult and aged rats. Neurobiol. Aging 32 2030-44 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^40.0 ^40.1 ^40.2 ^40.3 ^40.4 Matsumoto, J et al. (2018) TNF-α-sensitive brain pericytes activate microglia by releasing IL-6 through cooperation between IκB-NFκB and JAK-STAT3 pathways. Brain Res. 1692 34-44 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Gu, Y et al. () Role of TNF in mast cell neuroinflammation and pain. J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents 29 787-91 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Tosato, G et al. (1988) Monocyte-derived human B-cell growth factor identified as interferon-beta 2 (BSF-2, IL-6). Science 239 502-4 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Hess, S et al. (2000) Loss of IL-6 receptor expression in cervical carcinoma cells inhibits autocrine IL-6 stimulation: abrogation of constitutive monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production. J. Immunol. 165 1939-48 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Erices, A et al. (2002) Gp130 activation by soluble interleukin-6 receptor/interleukin-6 enhances osteoblastic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Exp. Cell Res. 280 24-32 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Oleksowicz, L et al. (1994) Platelet activation induced by interleukin-6: evidence for a mechanism involving arachidonic acid metabolism. Thromb. Haemost. 72 302-8 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^46.0 ^46.1 Matthews, V et al. (2003) Cellular cholesterol depletion triggers shedding of the human interleukin-6 receptor by ADAM10 and ADAM17 (TACE). J. Biol. Chem. 278 38829-39 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:25362566-1] Zhang, R et al. (2015) miR26a modulates Th17/T reg balance in the EAE model of multiple sclerosis by targeting IL6. Neuromolecular Med. 17 24-34 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:28433754-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Ye, EA & Steinle, JJ (2017) miR-146a suppresses STAT3/VEGF pathways and reduces apoptosis through IL-6 signaling in primary human retinal microvascular endothelial cells in high glucose conditions. Vision Res. 139 15-22 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:25809226-3] Zhang, J et al. (2016) Down-regulation of microRNA-9 leads to activation of IL-6/Jak/STAT3 pathway through directly targeting IL-6 in HeLa cell. Mol. Carcinog. 55 732-42 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:2104886-4] Selmaj, KW et al. (1990) Proliferation of astrocytes in vitro in response to cytokines. A primary role for tumor necrosis factor. J. Immunol. 144 129-35 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:25916550-5] Li, P et al. (2015) Epigenetic silencing of microRNA-149 in cancer-associated fibroblasts mediates prostaglandin E2/interleukin-6 signaling in the tumor microenvironment. Cell Res. 25 588-603 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:26587789-6] Ji, ML et al. (2016) Dysregulated miR-98 Contributes to Extracellular Matrix Degradation by Targeting IL-6/STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Human Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. J. Bone Miner. Res. 31 900-9 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:17875732-7] Kryczek, I et al. (2007) Relationship between B7-H4, regulatory T cells, and patient outcome in human ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res. 67 8900-5 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16606666-8] Kryczek, I et al. (2006) B7-H4 expression identifies a novel suppressive macrophage population in human ovarian carcinoma. J. Exp. Med. 203 871-81 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:19390056-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Brock, M et al. (2009) Interleukin-6 modulates the expression of the bone morphogenic protein receptor type II through a novel STAT3-microRNA cluster 17/92 pathway. Circ. Res. 104 1184-91 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16946298-10] 10.0 ^10.1 Verga Falzacappa, MV et al. (2007) STAT3 mediates hepatic hepcidin expression and its inflammatory stimulation. Blood 109 353-8 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:30545407-11] Wu, R et al. (2018) Long non-coding RNA HIF1A-AS2 facilitates adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) osteogenic differentiation through miR-665/IL6 axis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 9 348 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:17324931-12] 12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 Theiss, AL et al. (2007) Interleukin-6 transcriptionally regulates prohibitin expression in intestinal epithelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 282 12804-12 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:19168699-13] Waxman, AB & Kolliputi, N (2009) IL-6 protects against hyperoxia-induced mitochondrial damage via Bcl-2-induced Bak interactions with mitofusins. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 41 385-96 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12552091-14] 14.0 ^14.1 Leung, KC et al. (2003) Estrogen inhibits GH signaling by suppressing GH-induced JAK2 phosphorylation, an effect mediated by SOCS-2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 1016-21 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:3023045-15] 15.0 ^15.1 ^15.2 ^15.3 Zilberstein, A et al. (1986) Structure and expression of cDNA and genes for human interferon-beta-2, a distinct species inducible by growth-stimulatory cytokines. EMBO J. 5 2529-37 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:10443688-16] 16.0 ^16.1 ^16.2 ^16.3 Franchimont, D et al. (1999) Tumor necrosis factor alpha decreases, and interleukin-10 increases, the sensitivity of human monocytes to dexamethasone: potential regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84 2834-9 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12419823-17] 17.0 ^17.1 ^17.2 ^17.3 Legendre, F et al. (2003) JAK/STAT but not ERK1/ERK2 pathway mediates interleukin (IL)-6/soluble IL-6R down-regulation of Type II collagen, aggrecan core, and link protein transcription in articular chondrocytes. Association with a down-regulation of SOX9 expression. J. Biol. Chem. 278 2903-12 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:7749983-18] 18.0 ^18.1 Stüber, E et al. (1995) Cross-linking of OX40 ligand, a member of the TNF/NGF cytokine family, induces proliferation and differentiation in murine splenic B cells. Immunity 2 507-21 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:3491322-19] 19.0 ^19.1 ^19.2 ^19.3 Hirano, T et al. () Complementary DNA for a novel human interleukin (BSF-2) that induces B lymphocytes to produce immunoglobulin. Nature 324 73-6 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:10510402-20] 20.0 ^20.1 ^20.2 ^20.3 Klouche, M et al. (1999) Novel path to activation of vascular smooth muscle cells: up-regulation of gp130 creates an autocrine activation loop by IL-6 and its soluble receptor. J. Immunol. 163 4583-9 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:8557680-21] 21.0 ^21.1 Cohen, T et al. (1996) Interleukin 6 induces the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. J. Biol. Chem. 271 736-41 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16464856-22] 22.0 ^22.1 Gustafson, B & Smith, U (2006) Cytokines promote Wnt signaling and inflammation and impair the normal differentiation and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 281 9507-16 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:24455461-23] Singh, PP & Goyal, A (2013) Interleukin-6: a potent biomarker of mycobacterial infection. Springerplus 2 686 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12643274-24] 24.0 ^24.1 ^24.2 Schuster, B et al. (2003) Signaling of human ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) revisited. The interleukin-6 receptor can serve as an alpha-receptor for CTNF. J. Biol. Chem. 278 9528-35 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:3130269-25] Houssiau, FA et al. (1988) Synergistic activation of human T cells by interleukin 1 and interleukin 6. Eur. J. Immunol. 18 653-6 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16034137-26] 26.0 ^26.1 ^26.2 ^26.3 ^26.4 ^26.5 ^26.6 Gómez, MI et al. (2005) Bacterial induction of TNF-alpha converting enzyme expression and IL-6 receptor alpha shedding regulates airway inflammatory signaling. J. Immunol. 175 1930-6 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:24453423-27] Dessein, PH et al. (2013) Marked independent relationship between circulating interleukin-6 concentrations and endothelial activation in rheumatoid arthritis. Mediators Inflamm. 2013 510243 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:3264880-28] Satoh, T et al. (1988) Induction of neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells by B-cell stimulatory factor 2/interleukin 6. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8 3546-9 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:2261637-29] 29.0 ^29.1 ^29.2 ^29.3 Hibi, M et al. (1990) Molecular cloning and expression of an IL-6 signal transducer, gp130. Cell 63 1149-57 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:18719127-30] 30.0 ^30.1 Ellingsgaard, H et al. (2008) Interleukin-6 regulates pancreatic alpha-cell mass expansion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 13163-8 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12829785-31] 31.0 ^31.1 ^31.2 Boulanger, MJ et al. (2003) Hexameric structure and assembly of the interleukin-6/IL-6 alpha-receptor/gp130 complex. Science 300 2101-4 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:2444978-32] 32.0 ^32.1 Gauldie, J et al. (1987) Interferon beta 2/B-cell stimulatory factor type 2 shares identity with monocyte-derived hepatocyte-stimulating factor and regulates the major acute phase protein response in liver cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 7251-5 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16732314-33] Brocke-Heidrich, K et al. (2006) BCL3 is induced by IL-6 via Stat3 binding to intronic enhancer HS4 and represses its own transcription. Oncogene 25 7297-304 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:7595060-34] 34.0 ^34.1 Biffl, WL et al. (1995) Interleukin-6 suppression of neutrophil apoptosis is neutrophil concentration dependent. J. Leukoc. Biol. 58 582-4 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:9949178-35] Oritani, K et al. (1999) Both Stat3-activation and Stat3-independent BCL2 downregulation are important for interleukin-6-induced apoptosis of 1A9-M cells. Blood 93 1346-54 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:1883960-36] May, LT et al. (1991) Marked cell-type-specific differences in glycosylation of human interleukin-6. Cytokine 3 204-11 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:23776175-37] Dauphinee, SM et al. (2013) SASH1 is a scaffold molecule in endothelial TLR4 signaling. J. Immunol. 191 892-901 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:7508917-38] 38.0 ^38.1 ^38.2 ^38.3 Yin, T & Yang, YC (1994) Mitogen-activated protein kinases and ribosomal S6 protein kinases are involved in signaling pathways shared by interleukin-11, interleukin-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, and oncostatin M in mouse 3T3-L1 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269 3731-8 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:20018408-39] Bachstetter, AD et al. (2011) Fractalkine and CX 3 CR1 regulate hippocampal neurogenesis in adult and aged rats. Neurobiol. Aging 32 2030-44 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:29702085-40] 40.0 ^40.1 ^40.2 ^40.3 ^40.4 Matsumoto, J et al. (2018) TNF-α-sensitive brain pericytes activate microglia by releasing IL-6 through cooperation between IκB-NFκB and JAK-STAT3 pathways. Brain Res. 1692 34-44 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:26753638-41] Gu, Y et al. () Role of TNF in mast cell neuroinflammation and pain. J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents 29 787-91 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:2829354-42] Tosato, G et al. (1988) Monocyte-derived human B-cell growth factor identified as interferon-beta 2 (BSF-2, IL-6). Science 239 502-4 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:10925276-43] Hess, S et al. (2000) Loss of IL-6 receptor expression in cervical carcinoma cells inhibits autocrine IL-6 stimulation: abrogation of constitutive monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production. J. Immunol. 165 1939-48 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12372336-44] Erices, A et al. (2002) Gp130 activation by soluble interleukin-6 receptor/interleukin-6 enhances osteoblastic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Exp. Cell Res. 280 24-32 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:7831669-45] Oleksowicz, L et al. (1994) Platelet activation induced by interleukin-6: evidence for a mechanism involving arachidonic acid metabolism. Thromb. Haemost. 72 302-8 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12832423-46] 46.0 ^46.1 Matthews, V et al. (2003) Cellular cholesterol depletion triggers shedding of the human interleukin-6 receptor by ADAM10 and ADAM17 (TACE). J. Biol. Chem. 278 38829-39 PubMed GONUTS page

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