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PMID:25313396
| Citation |
Calvo, RA and Kearns, DB (2015) FlgM is secreted by the flagellar export apparatus in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 197:81-91 |
|---|---|
| Abstract |
The bacterial flagellum is assembled from over 20 structural components, and flagellar gene regulation is morphogenetically coupled to the assembly state by control of the anti-sigma factor FlgM. In the Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica, FlgM inhibits late-class flagellar gene expression until the hook-basal body structural intermediate is completed and FlgM is inhibited by secretion from the cytoplasm. Here we demonstrate that FlgM is also secreted in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis and is degraded extracellularly by the proteases Epr and WprA. We further demonstrate that, like in S. enterica, the structural genes required for the flagellar hook-basal body are required for robust activation of σ(D)-dependent gene expression and efficient secretion of FlgM. Finally, we determine that FlgM secretion is strongly enhanced by, but does not strictly require, hook-basal body completion and instead demands a minimal subset of flagellar proteins that includes the FliF/FliG basal body proteins, the flagellar type III export apparatus components FliO, FliP, FliQ, FliR, FlhA, and FlhB, and the substrate specificity switch regulator FliK. |
| Links |
PubMed PMC4288692 Online version:10.1128/JB.02324-14 |
| Keywords |
Bacillus subtilis/genetics; Bacillus subtilis/metabolism; Bacterial Proteins/genetics; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism; Biological Transport/genetics; Biological Transport/physiology; Flagella/genetics; Flagella/metabolism; Gene Deletion; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial/physiology; Protein Transport/genetics; Protein Transport/physiology; Sigma Factor/genetics; Sigma Factor/metabolism |
Significance
Annotations
| Gene product | Qualifier | GO Term | Evidence Code | with/from | Aspect | Extension | Notes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the cheY mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliY mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliY, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliG mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliG, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliI mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliI, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 4 shows that swrB mutant of B.subtilis shows a significant decrease in swarm radius in comparison to the wild type. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliK mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliK, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0016989: sigma factor antagonist activity |
ECO:0000315: |
F |
Figure 5 bottom right shows that each of the fla-che operon mutants expressed low levels of “Phag-GFP experience enhanced inhibition of σD-dependent gene expression due to an inability to antagonize FlgM.” Organism: B.subtilis |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 4 shows that cheA mutant of B.subtilis shows a significant decrease in swarm radius in comparison to the wild type. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliM mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliM, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the flgB mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FlgB, an fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the flgC mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FlgC, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliE mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliE, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliF mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliF, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliH mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliH, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliJ mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliJ, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the flgE (also known as flgG) mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FlgE (also known as flgG), a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the flgD (also called ylxG) mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the ylzI (also known as swrD) mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliP mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliP, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliQ mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliQ, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the fliR mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FliR, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the flhB mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FlhB, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Fig (4) shows that the flhA mutant of B.subtilis, a part of the fla-che operon, shows a significant decrease in in swarm radius in comparison to Wild-Type cells. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0044780: bacterial-type flagellum assembly |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 5 top left panel shows that FlhA, a fla-che-encoded protein, is required for hook-basal body assembly in B. subtilis. |
complete | ||||
| GO:0071978: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
Figure 4 shows that sigD shows a significant decrease in swarm radius in comparison to the wild type. Organism: Bacillus subtilis |
complete | ||||
Notes
See also
References
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