PMID:24554735

Citation	Liu, S, Cui, H, Li, Q, Zhang, L, Na, Q and Liu, C' (2014) RhoGDI2 Is Expressed in Human Trophoblasts and Involved in Their Migration by Inhibiting the Activation of RAC1. Biol. Reprod. '
Abstract	The invasion of placental trophoblast cells into the maternal decidua is an essential aspect of placental embedment. The process of placentation bears several striking similarities to tumor cell metastasis. However, trophoblastic migration during implantation and placentation is stringently controlled both in space and time. RhoGDI2 belongs to a family of Rho GDP dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDI), and RhoGDI2 is a metastasis suppressor-gene and a marker of aggressive human cancer. We evaluated whether RhoGDI2 plays a physiological role in embryo implantation, particularly trophoblast migration. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RhoGDI2 were higher in term placentas comparedwith first trimester placentas, as detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Immunohistochemical studies indicated that RhoGDI2 localised to the cytotrophoblast layer and extravillous trophoblast in first trimester placentas and was distributed in the syncytiotrophoblast layers of term placentas. Overexpression of RhoGDI2 in HTR-8/SVneo cells was associated with reduced RAC1-GTP levels and inhibited cell migration. Conversely, siRNA-mediated downregulation of RhoGDI2 resulted in a significantly increased RAC1-GTP levels. Altered RhoGDI2 expression had no significant effects on cell proliferation. In conclusion, RhoGDI2 inhibits trophoblast cell migration, and this function may involve suppression of RAC1 activation.
Links	PubMed Online version:10.1095/biolreprod.113.111153
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
HUMAN:GDIR2		GO:0003924: GTPase activity	ECO:0000315:		F		Knockdown of siRhoGDI2 in HTR-8/SVneo cells induced the activation of RAC1 as detected by G-LISA, suggesting that RhoGDI2 inhibits RAC1. In contrast, RhoGDI2 overexpression inhibited the activation of RAC1, Figure 6.	complete CACAO 9541
HUMAN:GDIR2		GO:1901164: negative regulation of trophoblast cell migration	ECO:0000314:		P		Over-expression of RhoGDI2 markedly inhibited the migration of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Knockdown of RhoGDI2 increased the migration of HTR-8/SVneo cells, Figure 5.	complete CACAO 9543
HUMAN:GDIR2	enables	GO:0003924: GTPase activity	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
HUMAN:GDIR2	involved_in	GO:1901164: negative regulation of trophoblast cell migration	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete

References

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