PMID:24366253

Citation	King, AM, Pretre, G, Bartpho, T, Sermswan, RW, Toma, C, Suzuki, T, Eshghi, A, Picardeau, M, Adler, B and Murray, GL (2014) High-temperature protein G is an essential virulence factor of Leptospira interrogans. Infect. Immun. 82:1123-31
Abstract	Leptospira interrogans is a global zoonotic pathogen and is the causative agent of leptospirosis, an endemic disease of humans and animals worldwide. There is limited understanding of leptospiral pathogenesis; therefore, further elucidation of the mechanisms involved would aid in vaccine development and the prevention of infection. HtpG (high-temperature protein G) is the bacterial homolog to the highly conserved molecular chaperone Hsp90 and is important in the stress responses of many bacteria. The specific role of HtpG, especially in bacterial pathogenesis, remains largely unknown. Through the use of an L. interrogans htpG transposon insertion mutant, this study demonstrates that L. interrogans HtpG is essential for virulence in the hamster model of acute leptospirosis. Complementation of the htpG mutant completely restored virulence. Surprisingly, the htpG mutant did not appear to show sensitivity to heat or oxidative stress, phenotypes common in htpG mutants in other bacterial species. Furthermore, the mutant did not show increased sensitivity to serum complement, reduced survival within macrophages, or altered protein or lipopolysaccharide expression. The underlying cause for attenuation thus remains unknown, but HtpG is a novel leptospiral virulence factor and one of only a very small number identified to date.
Links	PubMed PMC3958012 Online version:10.1128/IAI.01546-13
Keywords	Animals; Bacterial Proteins/genetics; Bacterial Proteins/immunology; Computational Biology; Female; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/immunology; Immunity, Innate/genetics; Immunity, Innate/immunology; Leptospira interrogans/genetics; Leptospira interrogans/immunology; Leptospirosis/genetics; Leptospirosis/immunology; Leptospirosis/microbiology; Male; Mesocricetus/genetics; Mesocricetus/immunology; Mesocricetus/microbiology; Mutation/genetics; Mutation/immunology; Osmotic Pressure; Oxidative Stress/genetics; Oxidative Stress/immunology; Temperature; Virulence Factors/genetics; Virulence Factors/immunology
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
LEPIN:Q8EXZ9	involved_in	GO:0009405: pathogenesis	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
LEPIN:Q8EXZ9		GO:0009405: pathogenesis	ECO:0000315:		P		Table 2 shows that all hamsters treated with the htpG- strain of L.interrogans survived at all doses. All hamsters infected with the wild-type strain and the complemented strain died.	complete CACAO 10424

References

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