PMID:23527103

Citation	Qin, LX, Rao, Y, Li, L, Huang, JF, Xu, WL and Li, XB (2013) Cotton GalT1 encoding a putative glycosyltransferase is involved in regulation of cell wall pectin biosynthesis during plant development. PLoS ONE 8:e59115
Abstract	Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), are a group of highly glycosylated proteins that are found throughout the plant kingdom. To date, glycosyltransferases that glycosylate AGP backbone have remained largely unknown. In this study, a gene (GhGalT1) encoding a putative β-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GalT) was identified in cotton. GhGalT1, belonging to CAZy GT31 family, is the type II membrane protein that contains an N-terminal transmembrane domain and a C-terminal galactosyltransferase functional domain. A subcellular localization assay demonstrated that GhGalT1 was localized in the Golgi apparatus. RT-PCR analysis revealed that GhGalT1 was expressed at relatively high levels in hypocotyls, roots, fibers and ovules. Overexpression of GhGalT1 in Arabidopsis promoted plant growth and metabolism. The transgenic seedlings had much longer primary roots, higher chlorophyll content, higher photosynthetic efficiency, the increased biomass, and the enhanced tolerance to exogenous D-arabinose and D-galactose. In addition, gas chromatography (GC) analysis of monosaccharide composition of cell wall fractions showed that pectin was changed in the transgenic plants, compared with that of wild type. Three genes (GAUT8, GAUT9 and xgd1) involved in pectin biosynthesis were dramatically up-regulated in the transgenic lines. These data suggested that GhGalT1 may be involved in regulation of pectin biosynthesis required for plant development.
Links	PubMed PMC3601089 Online version:10.1371/journal.pone.0059115
Keywords	Adaptation, Biological/genetics; Amino Acid Sequence; Arabidopsis/genetics; Arabidopsis/metabolism; Arabinose/metabolism; Cell Wall/metabolism; Galactose/metabolism; Galactosyltransferases/chemistry; Galactosyltransferases/genetics; Galactosyltransferases/metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gossypium/genetics; Gossypium/metabolism; Intracellular Space; Molecular Sequence Data; Organ Specificity/genetics; Pectins/biosynthesis; Phylogeny; Plants, Genetically Modified; Protein Transport; Seedling/genetics; Seedling/growth & development; Sequence Alignment
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
ARATH:B3GT1		GO:0080022: primary root development	ECO:0000315:		P		Figure 4 shows that when A. thaliana is grown as a mutant with GalT1, there is an increase in primary root length than wild type. It also appears to have more bio mass.	complete CACAO 9693
ARATH:B3GT1		GO:0015995: chlorophyll biosynthetic process	ECO:0000314:		P		Figure 5 shows higher chlorophyll content at different wavelengths when A. thaliana is grown with over expression of GalT1.	complete CACAO 9694
ARATH:B3GT1		GO:0045489: pectin biosynthetic process	ECO:0000315:		P		Figure 10 shows that in the over-expression of GalT1 in A. thaliana, there is an up-regulation of other proteins responsible for the production of pectin.	complete CACAO 9733

References

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