PMID:23392608

Citation	O'Rourke, EJ, Kuballa, P, Xavier, R and Ruvkun, G (2013) ω-6 Polyunsaturated fatty acids extend life span through the activation of autophagy. Genes Dev. 27:429-40
Abstract	Adaptation to nutrient scarcity depends on the activation of metabolic programs to efficiently use internal reserves of energy. Activation of these programs in abundant food regimens can extend life span. However, the common molecular and metabolic changes that promote adaptation to nutritional stress and extend life span are mostly unknown. Here we present a response to fasting, enrichment of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which promotes starvation resistance and extends Caenorhabditis elegans life span. Upon fasting, C. elegans induces the expression of a lipase, which in turn leads to an enrichment of ω-6 PUFAs. Supplementing C. elegans culture media with these ω-6 PUFAs increases their resistance to starvation and extends their life span in conditions of food abundance. Supplementation of C. elegans or human epithelial cells with these ω-6 PUFAs activates autophagy, a cell recycling mechanism that promotes starvation survival and slows aging. Inactivation of C. elegans autophagy components reverses the increase in life span conferred by supplementing the C. elegans diet with these fasting-enriched ω-6 PUFAs. We propose that the salubrious effects of dietary supplementation with ω-3/6 PUFAs (fish oils) that have emerged from epidemiological studies in humans may be due to a similar activation of autophagic programs.
Links	PubMed PMC3589559 Online version:10.1101/gad.205294.112
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
CAEEL:Q94252		GO:0010508: positive regulation of autophagy	ECO:0000314:		P		Figure 2(A). LIPL-4 activates autophagy.	complete CACAO 6994
CAEEL:Q94252		GO:0005737: cytoplasm	ECO:0000314:		C		Supplemental Fig. S4A - The LIPL-4∷TagRFP protein fusion is observed in cytoplasmic bodies resembling autophagic granules.	complete CACAO 6996
CAEEL:Q94252	part_of	GO:0005737: cytoplasm	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
CAEEL:Q94252	involved_in	GO:0010508: positive regulation of autophagy	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete

References

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