PMID:22699619

Citation	Schmeisser, MJ, Ey, E, Wegener, S, Bockmann, J, Stempel, AV, Kuebler, A, Janssen, AL, Udvardi, PT, Shiban, E, Spilker, C, Balschun, D, Skryabin, BV, Dieck, St, Smalla, KH, Montag, D, Leblond, CS, Faure, P, Torquet, N, Le Sourd, AM, Toro, R, Grabrucker, AM, Shoichet, SA, Schmitz, D, Kreutz, MR, Bourgeron, T, Gundelfinger, ED and Boeckers, TM (2012) Autistic-like behaviours and hyperactivity in mice lacking ProSAP1/Shank2. Nature 486:256-60
Abstract	Autism spectrum disorders comprise a range of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication, and by repetitive behaviour. Mutations in synaptic proteins such as neuroligins, neurexins, GKAPs/SAPAPs and ProSAPs/Shanks were identified in patients with autism spectrum disorder, but the causative mechanisms remain largely unknown. ProSAPs/Shanks build large homo- and heteromeric protein complexes at excitatory synapses and organize the complex protein machinery of the postsynaptic density in a laminar fashion. Here we demonstrate that genetic deletion of ProSAP1/Shank2 results in an early, brain-region-specific upregulation of ionotropic glutamate receptors at the synapse and increased levels of ProSAP2/Shank3. Moreover, ProSAP1/Shank2(-/-) mutants exhibit fewer dendritic spines and show reduced basal synaptic transmission, a reduced frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents and enhanced N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-mediated excitatory currents at the physiological level. Mutants are extremely hyperactive and display profound autistic-like behavioural alterations including repetitive grooming as well as abnormalities in vocal and social behaviours. By comparing the data on ProSAP1/Shank2(-/-) mutants with ProSAP2/Shank3αβ(-/-) mice, we show that different abnormalities in synaptic glutamate receptor expression can cause alterations in social interactions and communication. Accordingly, we propose that appropriate therapies for autism spectrum disorders are to be carefully matched to the underlying synaptopathic phenotype.
Links	PubMed Online version:10.1038/nature11015
Keywords	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics; Animals; Autistic Disorder/genetics; Autistic Disorder/pathology; Behavior, Animal/physiology; Dendritic Spines/genetics; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics; Psychomotor Agitation/genetics; Psychomotor Agitation/pathology; Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate/metabolism; Synapses/metabolism; Up-Regulation; Vocalization, Animal/physiology
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
MOUSE:SHAN2		GO:0051968: positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	ECO:0000315:		P		Figure 2 shows that in Shank2 lacking mutant mice there was reduced synaptic transmission compared to the wild type mice suggesting that Shank2 is a positive regulator of the hippocampal glutamatergic synaptic transmission.	complete CACAO 6195
MOUSE:SHAN2	involved_in	GO:0051968: positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete

References

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