PMID:17344846

Citation	Greenman, C, Stephens, P, Smith, R, Dalgliesh, GL, Hunter, C, Bignell, G, Davies, H, Teague, J, Butler, A, Stevens, C, Edkins, S, O'Meara, S, Vastrik, I, Schmidt, EE, Avis, T, Barthorpe, S, Bhamra, G, Buck, G, Choudhury, B, Clements, J, Cole, J, Dicks, E, Forbes, S, Gray, K, Halliday, K, Harrison, R, Hills, K, Hinton, J, Jenkinson, A, Jones, D, Menzies, A, Mironenko, T, Perry, J, Raine, K, Richardson, D, Shepherd, R, Small, A, Tofts, C, Varian, J, Webb, T, West, S, Widaa, S, Yates, A, Cahill, DP, Louis, DN, Goldstraw, P, Nicholson, AG, Brasseur, F, Looijenga, L, Weber, BL, Chiew, YE, DeFazio, A, Greaves, MF, Green, AR, Campbell, P, Birney, E, Easton, DF, Chenevix-Trench, G, Tan, MH, Khoo, SK, Teh, BT, Yuen, ST, Leung, SY, Wooster, R, Futreal, PA and Stratton, MR (2007) Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes. Nature 446:153-8
Abstract	Cancers arise owing to mutations in a subset of genes that confer growth advantage. The availability of the human genome sequence led us to propose that systematic resequencing of cancer genomes for mutations would lead to the discovery of many additional cancer genes. Here we report more than 1,000 somatic mutations found in 274 megabases (Mb) of DNA corresponding to the coding exons of 518 protein kinase genes in 210 diverse human cancers. There was substantial variation in the number and pattern of mutations in individual cancers reflecting different exposures, DNA repair defects and cellular origins. Most somatic mutations are likely to be 'passengers' that do not contribute to oncogenesis. However, there was evidence for 'driver' mutations contributing to the development of the cancers studied in approximately 120 genes. Systematic sequencing of cancer genomes therefore reveals the evolutionary diversity of cancers and implicates a larger repertoire of cancer genes than previously anticipated.
Links	PubMed PMC2712719 Online version:10.1038/nature05610
Keywords	Amino Acid Sequence; DNA Mutational Analysis; Genes, Neoplasm/genetics; Genome, Human/genetics; Genomics; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation/genetics; Neoplasm Proteins/chemistry; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics; Neoplasms/genetics; Protein Kinases/chemistry; Protein Kinases/genetics
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
HUMAN:TTBK1		GO:0016301: kinase activity	ECO:0000314:		F		Seeded From UniProt Figure 3. The difference in selection pressure between ten protein kinase. Previous kinases were linked to cancer genes such as tyrosine kinase and serine/threonine kinases. Evidence proves that other subclasses of kinases are contributing to the development of cancer.	complete CACAO 9370
HUMAN:TTBK1	Contributes to	GO:0005737: cytoplasm	ECO:0000247:	UniProtKB:Q5TCY1	C		Mis-sense mutations in the activation p-Loop give rise to patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes	complete CACAO 9380

References

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