PMID:15722339

Citation	Shin, SW, Kokoza, V, Bian, G, Cheon, HM, Kim, YJ and Raikhel, AS (2005) REL1, a homologue of Drosophila dorsal, regulates toll antifungal immune pathway in the female mosquito Aedes aegypti. J. Biol. Chem. 280:16499-507
Abstract	Signaling by Drosophila Toll pathway activates two Rel/NF-kappaB transcription factors, Dorsal (Dl) and Dorsal-related immune factor (Dif). Dl plays a central role in the establishment of dorsoventral polarity during early embryogenesis, whereas Dif mediates the Toll receptor-dependent antifungal immune response in adult Drosophila. The absence of a Dif ortholog in mosquito genomes suggests that Dl may play its functional role in the mosquito Toll-mediated innate immune responses. We have cloned and molecularly characterized the gene homologous to Drosophila Dl and to Anopheles gambiae REL1 (Gambif1) from the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti, named AaREL1. AaREL1 alternative transcripts encode two isoforms, AaREL1-A and AaREL1-B. Both transcripts are enriched during embryogenesis and are inducible by septic injury in larval and female mosquitoes. AaREL1 and AaREL2 (Aedes Relish) selectively bind to different kappaB motifs from insect immune gene promoters. Ectopic expression of AaREL1-A in both Drosophila mbn-2 cells and transgenic flies specifically activates Drosomycin and results in increased resistance against the fungus Beauveria bassiana. AaREL1-B acted cooperatively with AaREL1-A to enhance the immune gene activation in Aag-2 cells. The RNA interference knock-outs revealed that AaREL1 affected the expression of Aedes homologue of Drosophila Serpin-27A and mediated specific antifungal immune response against B. bassiana. These results indicate that the homologue of Dl, but not that of Dif, is a key regulator of the Toll antifungal immune pathway in A. aegypti female mosquitoes.
Links	PubMed Online version:10.1074/jbc.M500711200
Keywords	Aedes/genetics; Aedes/immunology; Aedes/metabolism; Aedes/microbiology; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; Female; Fungi/immunology; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Isoforms/genetics; Protein Isoforms/immunology; Protein Isoforms/metabolism; Transcription Factors/genetics; Transcription Factors/metabolism
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
AEDAE:Q534Q6		GO:0002218: activation of innate immune response	ECO:0000315:		P		Figure 4A shows transfection of REL1A alone can induce expression of Cecropin A and Defensin A in Aag2 cells. Figure 4D shows RNAi knockdown of REL1 decreases fungal infection survival in mosquitoes.	complete CACAO 10029
AEDAE:Q534Q6	involved_in	GO:0002218: activation of innate immune response	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete

References

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