PMID:11509186

Citation	Nelson, G, Hoon, MA, Chandrashekar, J, Zhang, Y, Ryba, NJ and Zuker, CS (2001) Mammalian sweet taste receptors. Cell 106:381-90
Abstract	The sense of taste provides animals with valuable information about the quality and nutritional value of food. Previously, we identified a large family of mammalian taste receptors involved in bitter taste perception (the T2Rs). We now report the characterization of mammalian sweet taste receptors. First, transgenic rescue experiments prove that the Sac locus encodes T1R3, a member of the T1R family of candidate taste receptors. Second, using a heterologous expression system, we demonstrate that T1R2 and T1R3 combine to function as a sweet receptor, recognizing sweet-tasting molecules as diverse as sucrose, saccharin, dulcin, and acesulfame-K. Finally, we present a detailed analysis of the patterns of expression of T1Rs and T2Rs, thus providing a view of the representation of sweet and bitter taste at the periphery.
Links	PubMed
Keywords	Animals; Calcium Signaling; Cell Line; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4/genetics; Cricetinae; Evolution, Molecular; Gene Expression Profiling; Genetic Complementation Test; Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics; Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Molecular Sequence Data; Multigene Family; Phenylurea Compounds/metabolism; Physical Chromosome Mapping; RNA, Messenger/genetics; RNA, Messenger/metabolism; Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Saccharin/metabolism; Substrate Specificity; Sucrose/metabolism; Sweetening Agents; Taste/physiology; Taste Buds/chemistry; Taste Buds/cytology; Taste Buds/metabolism; Thiazines/metabolism
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
MOUSE:TS1R2	Contributes to	GO:0033041: sweet taste receptor activity	ECO:0001565: cell-based assay evidence		F		Dose responses (normalized to responses observed from the highest concentration per compound) were observed for the sweet compounds GA-2, saccharin, acesulfame-K, and sucrose in the receptor combination T1R2+3 (Fig 6b), matching the biological thresholds observed in vivo (Fig 6a). Dose responses were not observed for bitter or umami compounds (Fig 6b)	complete CACAO 13558
MOUSE:TS1R2		GO:0033041: sweet taste receptor activity	ECO:0001249: fluorescence evidence used in manual assertion		F		To demonstrate specificity of the sweet taste receptor, the pathway of G-protein coupled receptors linked to the receptor was modified to increase intracellular calcium which was observed using the fluorescent FURA-2 calcium indicator dye. An increase in cellular calcium was observed (normalized to responses observed from the highest concentration per compound) in the sweet compounds GA-2, saccharin, acesulfame-K, and sucrose in the receptor combination T1R2+3 (Fig 6b), matching the biological thresholds observed in vivo (Fig 6a). Dose responses were not observed for bitter or umami compounds (Fig 6b). As intracellular calcium was not shown to increase upon exposure to any compound other than sugar and artificial sweeteners, the function of T1Rs as a sweet taste receptors is maintained.	complete CACAO 13619

References

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