HUMAN:GREM1

Species (Taxon ID)	Homo sapiens (Human). (9606)
Gene Name(s)	GREM1 (synonyms: CKTSF1B1, DAND2, DRM)
Protein Name(s)	Gremlin-1 Cell proliferation-inducing gene 2 protein Cysteine knot superfamily 1, BMP antagonist 1 DAN domain family member 2 Down-regulated in Mos-transformed cells protein Increased in high glucose protein 2 IHG-2
External Links
UniProt	O60565
EMBL	AF045800 AF110137 AF154054 AB032372 AY232290 AK095890 BC069525 BC093778 BC101611
CCDS	CCDS10029.1 CCDS53927.1
RefSeq	NP_001178252.1 NP_037504.1
UniGene	Hs.40098
ProteinModelPortal	O60565
SMR	O60565
IntAct	O60565
MINT	MINT-7997222
STRING	9606.ENSP00000300177
PhosphoSite	O60565
MaxQB	O60565
PaxDb	O60565
PRIDE	O60565
DNASU	26585
Ensembl	ENST00000300177 ENST00000322805 ENST00000560830 ENST00000622074
GeneID	26585
KEGG	hsa:26585
UCSC	uc001zhe.2 uc010uby.2
CTD	26585
GeneCards	GC15P033010
HGNC	HGNC:2001
HPA	HPA007526
MIM	601228 603054
neXtProt	NX_O60565
Orphanet	157794
PharmGKB	PA26537
eggNOG	NOG41424
GeneTree	ENSGT00510000046909
HOGENOM	HOG000237358
HOVERGEN	HBG051837
InParanoid	O60565
OMA	RVKECRC
OrthoDB	EOG7Q2N7B
PhylomeDB	O60565
TreeFam	TF106445
ChiTaRS	GREM1
GenomeRNAi	26585
NextBio	48952
PRO	PR:O60565
Proteomes	UP000005640 UP000005640
Bgee	O60565
CleanEx	HS_GREM1
ExpressionAtlas	O60565
Genevestigator	O60565
GO	GO:0005615 GO:0036122 GO:0016015 GO:0048018 GO:0030297 GO:0043184 GO:0007171 GO:0002042 GO:0000902 GO:0030199 GO:0048263 GO:0030514 GO:0030502 GO:1900158 GO:0046851 GO:1900155 GO:0090090 GO:0090027 GO:0033689 GO:0090291 GO:0060394 GO:2000727 GO:0008284 GO:1900086 GO:2000273 GO:0002092 GO:0051973 GO:0045944 GO:0003257 GO:0010717 GO:0007165
InterPro	IPR006207 IPR004133 IPR017159
Pfam	PF03045
PIRSF	PIRSF037254
SMART	SM00041

Annotations

Qualifier	GO ID	GO term name	Reference	ECO ID	ECO term name	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
colocalizes_with	GO:0062023	collagen-containing extracellular matrix	PMID:28327460^[1]	ECO:0007005	high throughput direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	part_of:(CL:0002570)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0062023	collagen-containing extracellular matrix	PMID:25037231^[2]	ECO:0007005	high throughput direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	part_of:(UBERON:0001155)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045668	negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation	PMID:27036124^[3]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	PMID:27036124^[3]	ECO:0000353	physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O60565	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0030514	negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway	PMID:27036124^[3]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0036122	BMP binding	PMID:27036124^[3]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	PMID:10556075^[4]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P	occurs_in:(UBERON:0006012)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0032331	negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation	PMID:10556075^[4]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0060173	limb development	PMID:10556075^[4]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:2000727	positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:2000273	positive regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1900158	negative regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation	PMID:15539560^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1900155	negative regulation of bone trabecula formation	PMID:15539560^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1900086	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	P	has_regulation_target:(UniProtKB:P35918)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0090291	negative regulation of osteoclast proliferation	PMID:15539560^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0090090	negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	PMID:15539560^[6]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0090027	negative regulation of monocyte chemotaxis	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O35793	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
NOT\|involved_in	GO:0072331	signal transduction by p53 class mediator	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0060394	negative regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation	PMID:15539560^[6]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051973	positive regulation of telomerase activity	PMID:16545136^[7]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0048263	determination of dorsal identity	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0048018	receptor ligand activity	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046851	negative regulation of bone remodeling	PMID:15539560^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0043184	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0036122	BMP binding	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O73754	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0033689	negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation	PMID:15539560^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
NOT\|involved_in	GO:0032872	regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0030514	negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway	PMID:15539560^[6]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0030502	negative regulation of bone mineralization	PMID:15539560^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0030297	transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0030199	collagen fibril organization	PMID:15539560^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016015	morphogen activity	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O73754	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell population proliferation	PMID:16545136^[7]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0007165	signal transduction	GO_REF:0000024	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005615	extracellular space	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000303	author statement without traceable support used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0003257	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in myocardial precursor cell differentiation	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002092	positive regulation of receptor internalization	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	P	has_regulation_target:(UniProtKB:P35918)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002042	cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	PMID:9660951^[5]	ECO:0000250	sequence similarity evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:O70326	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0000902	cell morphogenesis	PMID:16545136^[7]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0030514	negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway	PMID:16816361^[8]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010717	regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	PMID:16816361^[8]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0007171	activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000364	evidence based on logical inference from manual annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0030297	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0007171	activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000366	evidence based on logical inference from automatic annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0030297	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0090027	negative regulation of monocyte chemotaxis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O35793 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000035888	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045766	positive regulation of angiogenesis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O35793 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000035888	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0030308	negative regulation of cell growth	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O35793 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000035888	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0009986	cell surface	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O35793 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000035888	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006915	apoptotic process	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O35793 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000035888	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005615	extracellular space	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O35793 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000035888	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002689	negative regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O35793 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000035888	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:2000727	positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:2000273	positive regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1901224	positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1900086	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0090190	positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0061098	positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0060676	ureteric bud formation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051893	regulation of focal adhesion assembly	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0051092	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0048018	receptor ligand activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045892	negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0045766	positive regulation of angiogenesis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0043542	endothelial cell migration	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0043184	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0030514	negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0030326	embryonic limb morphogenesis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0030297	transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0009986	cell surface	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0009954	proximal/distal pattern formation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0009887	animal organ morphogenesis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0007165	signal transduction	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005615	extracellular space	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0003337	mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0003257	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in myocardial precursor cell differentiation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002092	positive regulation of receptor internalization	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0002042	cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0001658	branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0001525	angiogenesis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:O70326 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005615	extracellular space	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0202	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005576	extracellular region	GO_REF:0000037 GO_REF:0000039	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0964 UniProtKB-SubCell:SL-0243	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0005125	cytokine activity	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0202	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
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Notes

References

See Help:References for how to manage references in GONUTS.

↑ Ragelle, H et al. (2017) Comprehensive proteomic characterization of stem cell-derived extracellular matrices. Biomaterials 128 147-159 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Naba, A et al. (2014) Extracellular matrix signatures of human primary metastatic colon cancers and their metastases to liver. BMC Cancer 14 518 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Kišonaitė, M et al. (2016) Structure of Gremlin-1 and analysis of its interaction with BMP-2. Biochem. J. 473 1593-604 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Merino, R et al. (1999) The BMP antagonist Gremlin regulates outgrowth, chondrogenesis and programmed cell death in the developing limb. Development 126 5515-22 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^5.00 ^5.01 ^5.02 ^5.03 ^5.04 ^5.05 ^5.06 ^5.07 ^5.08 ^5.09 ^5.10 ^5.11 ^5.12 ^5.13 Hsu, DR et al. (1998) The Xenopus dorsalizing factor Gremlin identifies a novel family of secreted proteins that antagonize BMP activities. Mol. Cell 1 673-83 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 ^6.4 ^6.5 ^6.6 ^6.7 ^6.8 ^6.9 Gazzerro, E et al. (2005) Skeletal overexpression of gremlin impairs bone formation and causes osteopenia. Endocrinology 146 655-65 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Namkoong, H et al. (2006) The bone morphogenetic protein antagonist gremlin 1 is overexpressed in human cancers and interacts with YWHAH protein. BMC Cancer 6 74 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 Koli, K et al. (2006) Bone morphogenetic protein-4 inhibitor gremlin is overexpressed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am. J. Pathol. 169 61-71 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:28327460-1] Ragelle, H et al. (2017) Comprehensive proteomic characterization of stem cell-derived extracellular matrices. Biomaterials 128 147-159 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:25037231-2] Naba, A et al. (2014) Extracellular matrix signatures of human primary metastatic colon cancers and their metastases to liver. BMC Cancer 14 518 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:27036124-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Kišonaitė, M et al. (2016) Structure of Gremlin-1 and analysis of its interaction with BMP-2. Biochem. J. 473 1593-604 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:10556075-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Merino, R et al. (1999) The BMP antagonist Gremlin regulates outgrowth, chondrogenesis and programmed cell death in the developing limb. Development 126 5515-22 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:9660951-5] 5.00 ^5.01 ^5.02 ^5.03 ^5.04 ^5.05 ^5.06 ^5.07 ^5.08 ^5.09 ^5.10 ^5.11 ^5.12 ^5.13 Hsu, DR et al. (1998) The Xenopus dorsalizing factor Gremlin identifies a novel family of secreted proteins that antagonize BMP activities. Mol. Cell 1 673-83 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:15539560-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 ^6.4 ^6.5 ^6.6 ^6.7 ^6.8 ^6.9 Gazzerro, E et al. (2005) Skeletal overexpression of gremlin impairs bone formation and causes osteopenia. Endocrinology 146 655-65 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16545136-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Namkoong, H et al. (2006) The bone morphogenetic protein antagonist gremlin 1 is overexpressed in human cancers and interacts with YWHAH protein. BMC Cancer 6 74 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16816361-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Koli, K et al. (2006) Bone morphogenetic protein-4 inhibitor gremlin is overexpressed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am. J. Pathol. 169 61-71 PubMed GONUTS page

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HUMAN:GREM1

Contents

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