PMID:28667107

Citation	Cohrs, KC and Schumacher, J (2017) The Two Cryptochrome/Photolyase Family Proteins Fulfill Distinct Roles in DNA Photorepair and Regulation of Conidiation in the Gray Mold Fungus Botrytis cinerea. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 83
Abstract	The plant-pathogenic leotiomycete is known for the strict regulation of its asexual differentiation programs by environmental light conditions. Sclerotia are formed in constant darkness; black/near-UV (NUV) light induces conidiation; and blue light represses both differentiation programs. Sensing of black/NUV light is attributed to proteins of the cryptochrome/photolyase family (CPF). To elucidate the molecular basis of the photoinduction of conidiation, we functionally characterized the two CPF proteins encoded in the genome of as putative positive-acting components. CRY1 (BcCRY1), a cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) photolyase, acts as the major enzyme of light-driven DNA repair (photoreactivation) and has no obvious role in signaling. In contrast, BcCRY2, belonging to the cry-DASH proteins, is dispensable for photorepair but performs regulatory functions by repressing conidiation in white and especially black/NUV light. The transcription of and is induced by light in a White Collar complex (WCC)-dependent manner, but neither light nor the WCC is essential for the repression of conidiation through BcCRY2 when is constitutively expressed. Further, BcCRY2 affects the transcript levels of both WCC-induced and WCC-repressed genes, suggesting a signaling function downstream of the WCC. Since both CPF proteins are dispensable for photoinduction by black/NUV light, the origin of this effect remains elusive and may be connected to a yet unknown UV-light-responsive system. is an economically important plant pathogen that causes gray mold diseases in a wide variety of plant species, including high-value crops and ornamental flowers. The spread of disease in the field relies on the formation of conidia, a process that is regulated by different light qualities. While this feature has been known for a long time, we are just starting to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms. Conidiation in is induced by black/near-UV light, whose sensing is attributed to the action of cryptochrome/photolyase family (CPF) proteins. Here we report on the distinct functions of two CPF proteins in the photoresponse of While BcCRY1 acts as the major photolyase in photoprotection, BcCRY2 acts as a cryptochrome with a signaling function in regulating photomorphogenesis (repression of conidiation).
Links	PubMed PMC5561282 Online version:10.1128/AEM.00812-17
Keywords	Botrytis/enzymology; Botrytis/growth & development; Botrytis/metabolism; Botrytis/radiation effects; Cryptochromes/genetics; Cryptochromes/metabolism; DNA Repair/radiation effects; Deoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-Lyase/genetics; Deoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-Lyase/metabolism; Fungal Proteins/genetics; Fungal Proteins/metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal/radiation effects; Light; Spores, Fungal/enzymology; Spores, Fungal/growth & development; Spores, Fungal/metabolism; Spores, Fungal/radiation effects
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
BOTFB:A0A384JIP4		GO:0000719: photoreactive repair	ECO:0000315:		P		Figure 3 compares the photoreactivation of BcCRY1 to BcCRY2, mutant BcCRY1, and mutant BcCRY2 in photorepair in Botryotinia fuckeliana (strain B05.10) (Noble rot fungus) (Botrytis cinerea) when exposed to UV light for different intervals.	complete CACAO 13472
BOTFB:A0A384JRT3		GO:0060258: negative regulation of filamentous growth	ECO:0000315:		P		Figure 4 compares the mycelia growth of Botryotinia fuckeliana (strain B05.10) (Noble rot fungus) (Botrytis cinerea) wildtype, BcCRY2, and BcCRY2 mutant to show that BcCRY2 negatively regulates radial growth of the fungi.	complete CACAO 13473
BOTFB:A0A384JRT3		GO: 0075308: conidium formation	ECO:0000315:		P		Figure 5 shows that BcCRY2 negatively regulates conidiation in Botryotinia fuckeliana (strain B05.10) (Noble rot fungus) (Botrytis cinerea) by comparing the the conidation transcript levels and condination of wildtype, BcCRY2, and BcCRY2 mutant.	complete CACAO 13474

References

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