PMID:28052992

Citation	Li, J, Freedman, JC, Evans, DR and McClane, BA (2017) CodY Promotes Sporulation and Enterotoxin Production by Clostridium perfringens Type A Strain SM101. Infect. Immun. 85
Abstract	type D strains cause enterotoxemia and enteritis in livestock via epsilon toxin production. In type D strain CN3718, CodY was previously shown to increase the level of epsilon toxin production and repress sporulation.type A strains producingenterotoxin (CPE) cause human food poisoning and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Sporulation is critical fortype A food poisoning since spores contribute to transmission and resistance in the harsh food environment and sporulation is essential for CPE production. Therefore, the current study asked whether CodY also regulates sporulation and CPE production in SM101, a derivative oftype A food-poisoning strain NCTC8798. An isogenic-null mutant of SM101 showed decreased levels of spore formation, along with lower levels of CPE production. A complemented strain recovered wild-type levels of both sporulation and CPE production. When this result was coupled with the earlier results obtained with CN3718, it became apparent that CodY regulation of sporulation varies among differentstrains. Results from quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR analysis clearly demonstrated that, during sporulation,transcript levels remained high in SM101 but rapidly declined in CN3718. In addition,gene expression patterns varied significantly between-null mutants of SM101 and CN3718. Compared to the levels in their wild-type parents, the level ofgene expression decreased in the CN3718-null mutant strain but significantly increased in the SM101-null mutant strain, demonstrating CodY-dependent regulation differences inexpression between these two strains. This difference appears to be important since overexpression of thegene in SM101 reduced the levels of sporulation and enterotoxin production, supporting the involvement of AbrB repression in regulatingsporulation.
Links	PubMed PMC5328492 Online version:10.1128/IAI.00855-16
Keywords	Bacterial Proteins/genetics; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism; Clostridium Infections/microbiology; Clostridium perfringens/physiology; Enterotoxins/biosynthesis; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genetic Complementation Test; Mutation; Spores, Bacterial/physiology; Transcription Factors/genetics; Transcription Factors/metabolism
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
CLOPS:CODY		GO:0043945: positive regulation of asexual sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore	ECO:0000315:		P		In Clostridium perfringens strain “ SM101::codY produced significantly fewer spores than wild-type strain SM101.This 1,000-fold sporulation defect was reversed by complementation of the mutant to restore CodY production (Fig. 2A).” This indicates that CodY “significantly enhances the sporulation of C. perfringens strain SM101.”	complete CACAO 13138
CLOPS:Q0SWA2		GO:0043944: negative regulation of asexual sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore	ECO:0000315:		P		To determine AbrB involvement in regulating Clostridium perfringens sporulation “AbrB was overexpressed from a multicopy plasmid in wild-type strain SM101” and a shuttle plasmid were transformed into SM101. This showed that they both displayed a similar growth pattern. “Next, an abrB qRT-PCR was performed to demonstrate that the construct overexpressing abrB caused an elevation in the levels of the abrB transcript in DS medium cultures of SM101 (Fig. 7B).” “The results revealed that the SM101 transformant carrying the pJIR750-abrB vector overexpressing AbrB produced significantly fewer spores than the SM101 transformant carrying the vector control (Fig. 7C).” Uniprot:Q0SWA2	complete CACAO 13139

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