GONUTS has been updated to MW1.31 Most things seem to be working but be sure to report problems.
PMID:20657014
| Citation |
Vassilevski, AA, Fedorova, IM, Maleeva, EE, Korolkova, YV, Efimova, SS, Samsonova, OV, Schagina, LV, Feofanov, AV, Magazanik, LG and Grishin, EV (2010) Novel class of spider toxin: active principle from the yellow sac spider Cheiracanthium punctorium venom is a unique two-domain polypeptide. J. Biol. Chem. 285:32293-302 |
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| Abstract |
Venom of the yellow sac spider Cheiracanthium punctorium (Miturgidae) was found unique in terms of molecular composition. Its principal toxic component CpTx 1 (15.1 kDa) was purified, and its full amino acid sequence (134 residues) was established by protein chemistry and mass spectrometry techniques. CpTx 1 represents a novel class of spider toxin with modular architecture. It consists of two different yet homologous domains (modules) each containing a putative inhibitor cystine knot motif, characteristic of the widespread single domain spider neurotoxins. Venom gland cDNA sequencing provided precursor protein (prepropeptide) structures of three CpTx 1 isoforms (a-c) that differ by single residue substitutions. The toxin possesses potent insecticidal (paralytic and lethal), cytotoxic, and membrane-damaging activities. In both fly and frog neuromuscular preparations, it causes stable and irreversible depolarization of muscle fibers leading to contracture. This effect appears to be receptor-independent and is inhibited by high concentrations of divalent cations. CpTx 1 lyses cell membranes, as visualized by confocal microscopy, and destabilizes artificial membranes in a manner reminiscent of other membrane-active peptides by causing numerous defects of variable conductance and leading to bilayer rupture. The newly discovered class of modular polypeptides enhances our knowledge of the toxin universe. |
| Links |
PubMed PMC2952230 Online version:10.1074/jbc.M110.104265 |
| Keywords |
Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Molecular Sequence Data; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects; Peptides/chemistry; Peptides/genetics; Peptides/pharmacology; Protein Structure, Secondary; Ranidae; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Spider Venoms/chemistry; Spider Venoms/classification; Spider Venoms/genetics; Spider Venoms/pharmacology; Spiders/anatomy & histology; Spiders/chemistry |
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