PMID:19682261

Citation	de Jong, W, Wösten, HA, Dijkhuizen, L and Claessen, D (2009) Attachment of Streptomyces coelicolor is mediated by amyloidal fimbriae that are anchored to the cell surface via cellulose. Mol. Microbiol. 73:1128-40
Abstract	The chaplin proteins ChpA-H enable the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor to form reproductive aerial structures by assembling into surface-active amyloid-like fibrils. We here demonstrate that chaplins also mediate attachment of S. coelicolor to surfaces. Attachment coincides with the formation of fimbriae, which are connected to the cell surface via spike-shaped protrusions. Mass spectrometry, electron microscopy and Congo red treatment showed that these fimbriae are composed of bundled amyloid fibrils of chaplins. Attachment and fimbriae formation were abolished in a strain in which the chaplin genes chpA-H were inactivated. Instead, very thin fibrils emerged from the spike-shaped protrusions in this mutant. These fibrils were susceptible to cellulase treatment. This enzymatic treatment also released wild-type fimbriae from the cell surface, thereby abolishing attachment. The reduced attachment of a strain in which the gene of a predicted cellulose synthase was inactivated also indicates a role of cellulose in surface attachment. We propose that the mechanism of attachment via cellulose-anchored amyloidal fimbriae is widespread in bacteria and may function in initiation of infection and in formation of biofilms.
Links	PubMed Online version:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06838.x
Keywords	Bacterial Adhesion; Cellulose/chemistry; Cellulose/metabolism; Congo Red/pharmacology; Fimbriae, Bacterial/chemistry; Fimbriae, Bacterial/metabolism; Fimbriae, Bacterial/ultrastructure; Indicators and Reagents/pharmacology; Mass Spectrometry; Microscopy, Electron; Protein Binding; Streptomyces coelicolor/chemistry; Streptomyces coelicolor/physiology; Streptomyces coelicolor/ultrastructure
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
STRCO:Q9AD93		GO:0043581: mycelium development	ECO:0000315:		P		Figure 7- shows that chpC is not essential for formation of the fimbriae as these structures were still produced in the ΔchpABCDH mutant strain.	complete CACAO 5989
STRCO:Q9X7U2		GO:0043581: mycelium development	ECO:0000315:		P		Figure 7- shows that chpB is not essential for formation of the fimbriae as these structures were still produced in the ΔchpABCDH mutant strain.	complete CACAO 5988

References

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