PMID:19393701

Citation	Lin, L, Wang, J, Deng, R, Ke, J, Wu, H and Wang, X (2009) ac109 is required for the nucleocapsid assembly of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. Virus Res. 144:130-5
Abstract	ORF109 (Ac109) of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a highly conserved gene in all sequenced baculovirus genomes, but its function is not known. This paper describes generation of an ac109 knockout virus (Ac-ac109-KO-GP) and analyses of the influence of ac109 deletion on the virus replication in Sf-9 cells so as to investigate the role of ac109 in the viral life cycle. Results revealed that budded virus (BV) yields and occlusion body synthesis were completely blocked in cells infected with the mutant virus. Electron microscopy demonstrated that ac109 deletion blocked nucleocapsid formation, though infection was initiated and electron-dense bodies associated with the virogenic stroma appeared. The mutant phenotype was rescued by an ac109 rescue virus. On the other hand, real-time PCR analysis indicated that ac109 is not required for viral DNA replication. Thus, these results suggested that ac109 plays an important role in AcMNPV nucleocapsid formation.
Links	PubMed Online version:10.1016/j.virusres.2009.04.010
Keywords	Animals; Cell Line; Gene Knockout Techniques; Genes, Viral; Genetic Complementation Test; Lepidoptera; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Nucleocapsid/metabolism; Nucleocapsid/ultrastructure; Nucleopolyhedrovirus/genetics; Nucleopolyhedrovirus/physiology; Viral Proteins/genetics; Viral Proteins/physiology; Virion/ultrastructure; Virus Assembly
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
NPVAC:AC109		GO:0039708: nuclear capsid assembly	ECO:0000315:		P		Organism: Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus Protein: ac109//ac109 Gene name: ORF109 Figure 4: The lack of nucleocapsids in the mutant strain Ac-ac109-KO-GP with a presence in the original strain and the rescue strain indicates an involvement of the ac109 protein in the nucleocapsid formation.	complete CACAO 12534
NPVAC:AC109		GO:0046744: viral capsid envelopment	ECO:0000315:		P		Organism: Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus Protein: ac109//ac109 Gene: ORF109 GO term is using the synonym viral capsid envelopment instead of the viral budding term name Fig. 2 showed a lack of budding virus formation after 96hrs in the mutant genome, this indicates that ac109 is involved with the virus budding process	complete CACAO 12535
NPVAC:AC109		GO:0046755: viral budding	ECO:0000315:		P		Organism: Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus Protein: ac109//ac109 GO term requested for: Occlusion Body budding Gene: ORF109 Figure 2B: shows the lack of occlusion bodies in the mutant strain indicating the participation of ac109 in occlusion body formation	complete CACAO 12536

References

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