PMID:16045501

Citation	Toyoda, H, Zhao, MG and Zhuo, M (2005) Roles of NMDA receptor NR2A and NR2B subtypes for long-term depression in the anterior cingulate cortex. Eur. J. Neurosci. 22:485-94
Abstract	The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is thought to be important for the establishment, consolidation and retrieval of permanent memory. In many brain regions, including the hippocampus, it is suggested that long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), the cellular mechanisms for learning and memory, require the activation of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). In the hippocampus, the NR2A subunit is believed to be involved in the induction of LTP, whereas the NR2B subunit contributes to the formation of LTD. However, LTD has been less well studied in the ACC as compared with the hippocampus and little is known about the role of NMDA subtype receptors in cingulate LTD. Here we show that LTD can be induced by the combination of presynaptic stimulation with postsynaptic depolarization ('pairing training') in adult mouse ACC neurons. This form of LTD is an NMDAR- and voltage-dependent mechanism and a postsynaptic Ca2+ increase is required for the induction of LTD. Furthermore, our studies provide direct physiological evidence that both NR2A and NR2B subunits are involved in the induction of LTD in the ACC.
Links	PubMed Online version:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04236.x
Keywords	2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate/pharmacology; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione/pharmacology; Animals; Chelating Agents/pharmacology; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation/methods; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists/pharmacology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology; Gyrus Cinguli/cytology; Gyrus Cinguli/drug effects; Gyrus Cinguli/physiology; Gyrus Cinguli/radiation effects; Long-Term Synaptic Depression/drug effects; Long-Term Synaptic Depression/physiology; Long-Term Synaptic Depression/radiation effects; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons/drug effects; Neurons/physiology; Neurons/radiation effects; Patch-Clamp Techniques/methods; Quinoxalines/pharmacology; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/agonists; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology; Time Factors
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