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PMID:15572452
| Citation |
Shi, X, Rao, NN and Kornberg, A (2004) Inorganic polyphosphate in Bacillus cereus: motility, biofilm formation, and sporulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:17061-5 |
|---|---|
| Abstract |
Chains of inorganic polyphosphate (poly-P) with hundreds of P(i) residues linked by phosphoanhydride bonds, as in ATP, are found in every bacterial, fungal, plant, and animal cell, in which they perform various functions. In the spore-forming Bacillus cereus, we have identified three principal enzymes and genes involved in the metabolism of poly-P, namely, (i) poly-P kinase (PPK), which synthesizes poly-P reversibly from ATP, (ii) exopolyphosphatase (PPX), which hydrolyzes poly-P to P(i), and (iii) poly-P/AMP phosphotransferase (PAP), which uses poly-P as a donor to convert AMP to ADP, reversibly. In the null mutant of ppk, poly-P levels are reduced to <5% of the WT; in the ppx mutant, the PPK activity is elevated 10-fold, and the accumulation of poly-P is elevated approximately 1,000-fold. All of the null mutants of ppk, ppx, and pap showed defects in motility and biofilm formation, but sporulation efficiency was impaired only in the ppx mutant. These enzymes and genes in B. cereus are nearly identical to those in the very closely related pathogen Bacillus anthracis, and, thus, they may provide attractive targets for the treatment of anthrax. |
| Links |
PubMed PMC535361 Online version:10.1073/pnas.0407787101 |
| Keywords |
Acid Anhydride Hydrolases/genetics; Acid Anhydride Hydrolases/physiology; Bacillus cereus/enzymology; Bacillus cereus/genetics; Bacillus cereus/physiology; Bacterial Proteins/genetics; Bacterial Proteins/physiology; Biofilms; Cloning, Molecular; Enzymes/genetics; Enzymes/physiology; Molecular Sequence Data; Movement; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/genetics; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/physiology; Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)/chemistry; Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)/metabolism; Polyphosphates/metabolism; Spores, Bacterial/enzymology |
Significance
Annotations
| Gene product | Qualifier | GO Term | Evidence Code | with/from | Aspect | Extension | Notes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0071977: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swimming motility |
ECO:0000315: |
P |
"plate were inoculated with bacteria from an overnight LB culture on agar plates and incubated at 30C for 8-10h for swimming assays and 12-16h for swarming assay '. The result indicate that the mutants ppx in B. Cereus impaired with the flagella motility |
complete | ||||
Notes
See also
References
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