PMID:15265785

Citation	Gwynn, B, Martina, JA, Bonifacino, JS, Sviderskaya, EV, Lamoreux, ML, Bennett, DC, Moriyama, K, Huizing, M, Helip-Wooley, A, Gahl, WA, Webb, LS, Lambert, AJ and Peters, LL (2004) Reduced pigmentation (rp), a mouse model of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, encodes a novel component of the BLOC-1 complex. Blood 104:3181-9
Abstract	Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), a disorder of organelle biogenesis, affects lysosomes, melanosomes, and platelet dense bodies. Seven genes cause HPS in humans (HPS1-HPS7) and at least 15 nonallelic mutations cause HPS in mice. Where their function is known, the HPS proteins participate in protein trafficking and vesicle docking/fusion events during organelle biogenesis. HPS-associated genes participate in at least 4 distinct protein complexes: the adaptor complex AP-3; biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 (BLOC-1), consisting of 4 HPS proteins (pallidin, muted, cappuccino, HPS7/sandy); BLOC-2, consisting of HPS6/ruby-eye, HPS5/ruby-eye-2, and HPS3/cocoa; and BLOC-3, consisting of HPS1/pale ear and HPS4/light ear. Here, we report the cloning of the mouse HPS mutation reduced pigmentation (rp). We show that the wild-type rp gene encodes a novel, widely expressed 195-amino acid protein that shares 87% amino acid identity with its human orthologue and localizes to punctate cytoplasmic structures. Further, we show that phosphorylated RP is part of the BLOC-1 complex. In mutant rp/rp mice, a premature stop codon truncates the protein after 79 amino acids. Defects in all the 5 known components of BLOC-1, including RP, cause severe HPS in mice, suggesting that the subunits are nonredundant and that BLOC-1 plays a key role in organelle biogenesis.
Links	PubMed Online version:10.1182/blood-2004-04-1538
Keywords	Adaptor Protein Complex 3; Adaptor Protein Complex beta Subunits; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Carrier Proteins/genetics; Carrier Proteins/metabolism; Cell Line, Tumor; Chromosome Mapping; Cloning, Molecular; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fibroblasts/cytology; Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome/genetics; Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome/physiopathology; Humans; Lysosomes/physiology; Male; Melanocytes/cytology; Melanocytes/physiology; Melanoma; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Molecular Sequence Data; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Phenotype; Pigmentation/genetics; Transcription Factors/metabolism
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