PMID:15249583

Citation	Harrington, LS, Findlay, GM, Gray, A, Tolkacheva, T, Wigfield, S, Rebholz, H, Barnett, J, Leslie, NR, Cheng, S, Shepherd, PR, Gout, I, Downes, CP and Lamb, RF (2004) The TSC1-2 tumor suppressor controls insulin-PI3K signaling via regulation of IRS proteins. J. Cell Biol. 166:213-23
Abstract	Insulin-like growth factors elicit many responses through activation of phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase (PI3K). The tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC1-2) suppresses cell growth by negatively regulating a protein kinase, p70S6K (S6K1), which generally requires PI3K signals for its activation. Here, we show that TSC1-2 is required for insulin signaling to PI3K. TSC1-2 maintains insulin signaling to PI3K by restraining the activity of S6K, which when activated inactivates insulin receptor substrate (IRS) function, via repression of IRS-1 gene expression and via direct phosphorylation of IRS-1. Our results argue that the low malignant potential of tumors arising from TSC1-2 dysfunction may be explained by the failure of TSC mutant cells to activate PI3K and its downstream effectors.
Links	PubMed PMC2172316 Online version:10.1083/jcb.200403069
Keywords	Animals; Cell Survival; Chemotaxis; Fibroblasts/cytology; Insulin/metabolism; Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/physiology; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Mice; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism; Phosphoproteins/antagonists & inhibitors; Phosphoproteins/metabolism; Phosphorylation; Proteins/physiology; Repressor Proteins/physiology; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases/metabolism; Signal Transduction; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/physiology
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