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PMID:14681194

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Citation

Zakin, L and De Robertis, EM (2004) Inactivation of mouse Twisted gastrulation reveals its role in promoting Bmp4 activity during forebrain development. Development 131:413-24

Abstract

Twisted gastrulation (Tsg) is a secreted protein that regulates Bmp signaling in the extracellular space through its direct interaction with Bmp/Dpp and Chordin (Chd)/Short gastrulation (Sog). The ternary complex of Tsg/Chd/Bmp is cleaved by the metalloprotease Tolloid (Tld)/Xolloid (Xld). Studies in Drosophila, Xenopus and zebrafish suggest that Tsg can act both as an anti-Bmp and as a pro-Bmp. We have analyzed Tsg loss-of-function in the mouse. Tsg homozygous mutants are viable but of smaller size and display mild vertebral abnormalities and osteoporosis. We provide evidence that Tsg interacts genetically with Bmp4. When only one copy of Bmp4 is present, a requirement of Tsg for embryonic development is revealed. Tsg-/-;Bmp4+/- compound mutants die at birth and display holoprosencephaly, first branchial arch and eye defects. The results show that Tsg functions to promote Bmp4 signaling during mouse head development.

Links

PubMed Online version:10.1242/dev.00946

Keywords

Animals; Base Sequence; Bone Development/genetics; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/deficiency; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/genetics; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/physiology; Bone and Bones/abnormalities; Branchial Region/abnormalities; Chondrogenesis/genetics; DNA/genetics; Eye Abnormalities/embryology; Eye Abnormalities/genetics; Female; Gene Dosage; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Holoprosencephaly/embryology; Holoprosencephaly/genetics; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Mutant Strains; Pregnancy; Prosencephalon/embryology; Proteins/genetics; Proteins/physiology; Signal Transduction; Xenopus Proteins; Zebrafish Proteins

Significance

Annotations

Gene product Qualifier GO ID GO term name Evidence Code with/from Aspect Notes Status


See also

References

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