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PMID:14617166
| Citation |
Hotson, A, Chosed, R, Shu, H, Orth, K and Mudgett, MB (2003) Xanthomonas type III effector XopD targets SUMO-conjugated proteins in planta. Mol. Microbiol. 50:377-89 |
|---|---|
| Abstract |
Xanthomonas campestris pathovar vesicatoria (Xcv) uses the type III secretion system (TTSS) to inject effector proteins into cells of Solanaceous plants during pathogenesis. A number of Xcv TTSS effectors have been identified; however, their function in planta remains elusive. Here, we provide direct evidence for a functional role for a phytopathogenic bacterial TTSS effector in planta by demonstrating that the Xcv effector XopD encodes an active cysteine protease with plant-specific SUMO substrate specificity. XopD is injected into plant cells by the TTSS during Xcv pathogenesis, translocated to subnuclear foci and hydrolyses SUMO-conjugated proteins in vivo. Our studies suggest that XopD mimics endogenous plant SUMO isopeptidases to interfere with the regulation of host proteins during Xcv infection. |
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| Keywords |
Bacterial Proteins/metabolism; Biological Transport, Active; Cysteine Endopeptidases/metabolism; Plants/microbiology; Protein Transport/physiology; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology; SUMO-1 Protein/metabolism; Xanthomonas campestris/enzymology; Xanthomonas campestris/metabolism |
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Significance
Annotations
| Gene product | Qualifier | GO Term | Evidence Code | with/from | Aspect | Extension | Notes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0016929: SUMO-specific protease activity |
ECO:0000250: |
UniProtKB:O42957
|
F |
XopD contains the same catalytic core residues in the protease domain as known C48 peptidase family protein Ulp1. (Figure 1) |
complete | |||
| GO:0016929: SUMO-specific protease activity |
ECO:0000315: |
F |
XopD enzyme activity is inactivated by cysteine protease inhibitors (Figure 2) |
complete | ||||
| GO:0070140: SUMO-specific isopeptidase activity |
ECO:0000314: |
F |
A western blot shows that XopD exhibits tomato SUMO isopeptidase activity (Figure 4) |
complete | ||||
| GO:0000060: protein import into nucleus, translocation |
ECO:0000314: |
P |
Fluorescence Microscopy shows that XopD is localized to the plant nucleus. (Figure 3) |
complete | ||||
| GO:0017038: protein import |
ECO:0000314: |
P |
XopD translocates into plant cells during infection via Type III Secretion Systems. (Table 1) |
complete | ||||
See also
References
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