PMID:10729324

Citation	Fleck, MW, Hirotsune, S, Gambello, MJ, Phillips-Tansey, E, Suares, G, Mervis, RF, Wynshaw-Boris, A and McBain, CJ (2000) Hippocampal abnormalities and enhanced excitability in a murine model of human lissencephaly. J. Neurosci. 20:2439-50
Abstract	Human cortical heterotopia and neuronal migration disorders result in epilepsy; however, the precise mechanisms remain elusive. Here we demonstrate severe neuronal dysplasia and heterotopia throughout the granule cell and pyramidal cell layers of mice containing a heterozygous deletion of Lis1, a mouse model of human 17p13.3-linked lissencephaly. Birth-dating analysis using bromodeoxyuridine revealed that neurons in Lis1+/- murine hippocampus are born at the appropriate time but fail in migration to form a defined cell layer. Heterotopic pyramidal neurons in Lis1+/- mice were stunted and possessed fewer dendritic branches, whereas dentate granule cells were hypertrophic and formed spiny basilar dendrites from which the principal axon emerged. Both somatostatin- and parvalbumin-containing inhibitory neurons were heterotopic and displaced into both stratum radiatum and stratum lacunosum-moleculare. Mechanisms of synaptic transmission were severely disrupted, revealing hyperexcitability at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses and depression of mossy fiber-CA3 transmission. In addition, the dynamic range of frequency-dependent facilitation of Lis1+/- mossy fiber transmission was less than that of wild type. Consequently, Lis1+/- hippocampi are prone to interictal electrographic seizure activity in an elevated [K(+)](o) model of epilepsy. In Lis1+/- hippocampus, intense interictal bursting was observed on elevation of extracellular potassium to 6.5 mM, a condition that resulted in only minimal bursting in wild type. These anatomical and physiological hippocampal defects may provide a neuronal basis for seizures associated with lissencephaly.
Links	PubMed
Keywords	1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase; Animals; Bromodeoxyuridine/pharmacology; Cell Movement; Choristoma/pathology; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy/etiology; Golgi Apparatus/ultrastructure; Hippocampus/abnormalities; Humans; Mice; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/analysis; Nervous System Malformations/pathology; Neurons/physiology; Parvalbumins/analysis; Somatostatin/analysis
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