PMID:10728833

Citation	Fuly, AL, Calil-Elias, S, Zingali, RB, Guimarães, JA and Melo, PA (2000) Myotoxic activity of an acidic phospholipase A2 isolated from Lachesis muta (Bushmaster) snake venom. Toxicon 38:961-72
Abstract	An acidic phospholipase A2 isolated from Lachesis muta snake venom denoted LM-PLA2, showed neither toxic nor anticoagulant activities in contrast to a potent inhibitory effect of collagen-induced platelet aggregation [Fuly, A.L., Machado. O.L.T., Alves, E.W. and Carlini, C.R., 1997. Thromb. Haemost 78, 1372-1380.]. Now, the myotoxicity induced by LM-PLA2 was investigated by using both in vivo and in vitro experiments. LM-PLA2 induced in vitro a dose- and time-dependent release of creatine-kinase (CK) from mouse Extensor Digitorium Longus (EDL) muscles and also increased the plasma CK activity in treated animals. Histopathological studies confirm myonecrosis of mouse skeletal muscles as a major effect. Edema could also be seen in muscle tissue. The amino-terminal sequence of LM-PLA2 (previously reported) indicates an aspartic acid residue located at position 49, together with other conserved amino acids present in the Asp-49 phospholipases, such as Tyr-28, Gly-30, Gly-32, His-48. Chemical modification of the protein moiety was also performed. Histidine alkylation with p-bromophenacyl bromide and lysine acetylation with acetic anhydride, abolished both indirect hemolytic and myotoxic activities of LM-PLA2. On the other hand, contrarily to what has been observed with several basic myotoxic phospholipases, the myotoxic effect induced by LM-PLA2 was not abolished by heparin.
Links	PubMed
Keywords	Animals; Creatine Kinase/blood; Creatine Kinase/metabolism; Mice; Muscles/drug effects; Muscles/pathology; Mycotoxins/chemistry; Mycotoxins/isolation & purification; Mycotoxins/toxicity; Phospholipases A/chemistry; Phospholipases A/isolation & purification; Phospholipases A/toxicity; Phospholipases A2; Rabbits; Viper Venoms/enzymology; Viperidae
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
LACMU:PA2A1	enables	GO:0004623: phospholipase A2 activity	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
LACMU:PA2A1		GO:0004623: phospholipase A2 activity	ECO:0000314:		F		Figure 3	complete CACAO 7592

References

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