HUMAN:ALDR

Species (Taxon ID)	Homo sapiens (Human). (9606)
Gene Name(s)	AKR1B1 (synonyms: ALDR1)
Protein Name(s)	Aldose reductase AR Aldehyde reductase Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1
External Links
UniProt	P15121
EMBL	J04795 J05017 X15414 M34720 M34721 J05474 M59783 M59856 AF032455 AF328729 AK313439 CR450351 CR542203 BT019859 CH236950 CH471070 BC000260 BC005387 BC010391
CCDS	CCDS5831.1
PIR	A39763
RefSeq	NP_001619.1
UniGene	Hs.521212
PDB	1ABN 1ADS 1AZ1 1AZ2 1EF3 1EL3 1IEI 1MAR 1PWL 1PWM 1T40 1T41 1US0 1X96 1X97 1X98 1XGD 1Z3N 1Z89 1Z8A 2ACQ 2ACR 2ACS 2ACU 2AGT 2DUX 2DUZ 2DV0 2F2K 2FZ8 2FZ9 2FZB 2FZD 2HV5 2HVN 2HVO 2I16 2I17 2IKG 2IKH 2IKI 2IKJ 2INE 2INZ 2IPW 2IQ0 2IQD 2IS7 2ISF 2J8T 2NVC 2NVD 2PD5 2PD9 2PDB 2PDC 2PDF 2PDG 2PDH 2PDI 2PDJ 2PDK 2PDL 2PDM 2PDN 2PDP 2PDQ 2PDU 2PDW 2PDX 2PDY 2PEV 2PF8 2PFH 2PZN 2QXW 2R24 3BCJ 3DN5 3G5E 3GHR 3GHS 3GHT 3GHU 3LBO 3LD5 3LEN 3LEP 3LQG 3LQL 3LZ3 3LZ5 3M0I 3M4H 3M64 3MB9 3MC5 3ONB 3ONC 3P2V 3Q65 3Q67 3RX2 3RX3 3RX4 3S3G 3T42 3U2C 3V35 3V36 4GCA 4GQ0 4IGS 4JIR 4LAU 4LAZ 4LB3 4LB4 4LBR 4LBS
PDBsum	1ABN 1ADS 1AZ1 1AZ2 1EF3 1EL3 1IEI 1MAR 1PWL 1PWM 1T40 1T41 1US0 1X96 1X97 1X98 1XGD 1Z3N 1Z89 1Z8A 2ACQ 2ACR 2ACS 2ACU 2AGT 2DUX 2DUZ 2DV0 2F2K 2FZ8 2FZ9 2FZB 2FZD 2HV5 2HVN 2HVO 2I16 2I17 2IKG 2IKH 2IKI 2IKJ 2INE 2INZ 2IPW 2IQ0 2IQD 2IS7 2ISF 2J8T 2NVC 2NVD 2PD5 2PD9 2PDB 2PDC 2PDF 2PDG 2PDH 2PDI 2PDJ 2PDK 2PDL 2PDM 2PDN 2PDP 2PDQ 2PDU 2PDW 2PDX 2PDY 2PEV 2PF8 2PFH 2PZN 2QXW 2R24 3BCJ 3DN5 3G5E 3GHR 3GHS 3GHT 3GHU 3LBO 3LD5 3LEN 3LEP 3LQG 3LQL 3LZ3 3LZ5 3M0I 3M4H 3M64 3MB9 3MC5 3ONB 3ONC 3P2V 3Q65 3Q67 3RX2 3RX3 3RX4 3S3G 3T42 3U2C 3V35 3V36 4GCA 4GQ0 4IGS 4JIR 4LAU 4LAZ 4LB3 4LB4 4LBR 4LBS
ProteinModelPortal	P15121
SMR	P15121
BioGrid	106732
IntAct	P15121
MINT	MINT-1196717
STRING	9606.ENSP00000285930
BindingDB	P15121
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1900
DrugBank	DB00605
GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY	2768
PhosphoSite	P15121
DMDM	113596
DOSAC-COBS-2DPAGE	P15121
REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE	IPI00413641 P15121
UCD-2DPAGE	P15121
MaxQB	P15121
PaxDb	P15121
PeptideAtlas	P15121
PRIDE	P15121
DNASU	231
Ensembl	ENST00000285930
GeneID	231
KEGG	hsa:231
UCSC	uc003vrp.1
CTD	231
GeneCards	GC07M134127
HGNC	HGNC:381
HPA	CAB018773 CAB027391 CAB047353 HPA026425 HPA052751
MIM	103880
neXtProt	NX_P15121
PharmGKB	PA24675
eggNOG	COG0656
GeneTree	ENSGT00760000119041
HOVERGEN	HBG000020
InParanoid	P15121
KO	K00011
OMA	EMREDED
OrthoDB	EOG70KGQF
PhylomeDB	P15121
TreeFam	TF106492
BioCyc	MetaCyc:HS01502-MONOMER
BRENDA	1.1.1.21
Reactome	REACT_11038
SABIO-RK	P15121
ChiTaRS	AKR1B1
EvolutionaryTrace	P15121
GeneWiki	AKR1B1
GenomeRNAi	231
NextBio	938
PRO	PR:P15121
Proteomes	UP000005640
Bgee	P15121
CleanEx	HS_AKR1B1
ExpressionAtlas	P15121
Genevestigator	P15121
GO	GO:0005737 GO:0005829 GO:0005615 GO:0070062 GO:0005634 GO:0004032 GO:0004033 GO:0009055 GO:0043795 GO:0006700 GO:0005975 GO:0044597 GO:0044598 GO:0006950 GO:0044281 GO:0008202
Gene3D	3.20.20.100
InterPro	IPR001395 IPR018170 IPR020471 IPR023210
PANTHER	PTHR11732
Pfam	PF00248
PIRSF	PIRSF000097
PRINTS	PR00069
SUPFAM	SSF51430
PROSITE	PS00798 PS00062 PS00063

Annotations

Qualifier	GO ID	GO term name	Reference	ECO ID	ECO term name	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
involved_in	GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	PMID:8435445^[1]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0001523	retinoid metabolic process	PMID:12732097^[2]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0001758	retinal dehydrogenase activity	PMID:12732097^[2]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	PMID:23533145^[3]	ECO:0007005	high throughput direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	PMID:19056867^[4]	ECO:0007005	high throughput direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	part_of:(UBERON:0001088)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	PMID:20458337^[5]	ECO:0007005	high throughput direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C	part_of:(CL:0000639)	Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0044598	doxorubicin metabolic process	PMID:20837989^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0044597	daunorubicin metabolic process	PMID:20837989^[6]	ECO:0000315	mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0043795	glyceraldehyde oxidoreductase activity	PMID:20837989^[6]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0071475	cellular hyperosmotic salinity response	PMID:8435445^[1]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004032	alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity	PMID:8435445^[1]	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	PMID:21873635^[7]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	PANTHER:PTN000198921 SGD:S000005646 UniProtKB:Q96JD6	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0008106	alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	PMID:21873635^[7]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	EcoGene:EG13015 PANTHER:PTN000198921 TAIR:locus:2040646 UniProtKB:Q90W83	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005829	cytosol	PMID:21873635^[7]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	EcoGene:EG13015 MGI:MGI:1929955 PANTHER:PTN000198921 RGD:2092 RGD:708428 RGD:708475 SGD:S000000353 TAIR:locus:2025936 TAIR:locus:2040751 TAIR:locus:2065639 TAIR:locus:2084505 UniProtKB:C9JRZ8 UniProtKB:P15121 UniProtKB:P51857 UniProtKB:Q04828 UniProtKB:Q96JD6 UniProtKB:Q9SJV2 dictyBase:DDB_G0293850	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004032	alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity	PMID:21873635^[7]	ECO:0000318	biological aspect of ancestor evidence used in manual assertion	MGI:MGI:1353494 MGI:MGI:1929955 PANTHER:PTN000198921 RGD:2092 RGD:708428 SGD:S000001146 SGD:S000002282 SGD:S000002776 SGD:S000003857 SGD:S000005646 UniProtKB:P15121 UniProtKB:P42330 UniProtKB:P52895 UniProtKB:Q04828 dictyBase:DDB_G0293850	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004032	alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity	PMID:15272156^[8]	ECO:0000269	experimental evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004032	alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity	PMID:1420136^[9]	ECO:0000269	experimental evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005829	cytosol	GO_REF:0000052	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	GO_REF:0000052	ECO:0000314	direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0022900	electron transport chain	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000364	evidence based on logical inference from manual annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0009055	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042572	retinol metabolic process	GO_REF:0000108	ECO:0000366	evidence based on logical inference from automatic annotation used in automatic assertion	GO:0052650	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:1901653	cellular response to peptide	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0097454	Schwann cell microvillus	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0097238	cellular response to methylglyoxal	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0097066	response to thyroid hormone	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0072061	inner medullary collecting duct development	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0060135	maternal process involved in female pregnancy	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0048661	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0048471	perinuclear region of cytoplasm	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046427	positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0043220	Schmidt-Lanterman incisure	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0042629	mast cell granule	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0042415	norepinephrine metabolic process	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0033010	paranodal junction	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0032838	plasma membrane bounded cell projection cytoplasm	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0031098	stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0018931	naphthalene metabolic process	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0010033	response to organic substance	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0009414	response to water deprivation	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006061	sorbitol biosynthetic process	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0005996	monosaccharide metabolic process	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005829	cytosol	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005615	extracellular space	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004032	alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0001894	tissue homeostasis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P07943 ensembl:ENSRNOP00000012879	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0072205	metanephric collecting duct development	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P45376 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000100045	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P45376 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000100045	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0035809	regulation of urine volume	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P45376 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000100045	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004032	alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P45376 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000100045	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0003091	renal water homeostasis	GO_REF:0000107	ECO:0000265	sequence orthology evidence used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB:P45376 ensembl:ENSMUSP00000100045	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR018170 InterPro:IPR020471	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	GO_REF:0000002	ECO:0000256	match to sequence model evidence used in automatic assertion	InterPro:IPR018170 InterPro:IPR020471	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0047655	allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity	GO_REF:0000003	ECO:0000501	evidence used in automatic assertion	EC:1.1.1.54	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004032	alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity	GO_REF:0000003	ECO:0000501	evidence used in automatic assertion	EC:1.1.1.21	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0052650	NADP-retinol dehydrogenase activity	GO_REF:0000003	ECO:0000501	evidence used in automatic assertion	EC:1.1.1.300	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0005975	carbohydrate metabolic process	PMID:2112546^[10]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005615	extracellular space	PMID:2112546^[10]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0004032	alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity	PMID:2112546^[10]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0009055	electron transfer activity	PMID:2112546^[10]	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0046370	fructose biosynthetic process	Reactome:R-HSA-5652227	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0006700	C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process	Reactome:R-HSA-196108	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005829	cytosol	Reactome:R-HSA-5652172 Reactome:R-HSA-196060	ECO:0000304	author statement supported by traceable reference used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
involved_in	GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0560	P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
part_of	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	GO_REF:0000037 GO_REF:0000039	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0963 UniProtKB-SubCell:SL-0086	C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
enables	GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	GO_REF:0000037	ECO:0000322	imported manually asserted information used in automatic assertion	UniProtKB-KW:KW-0560	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
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Notes

References

See Help:References for how to manage references in GONUTS.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Ferraretto, A et al. (1993) Aldose reductase is involved in long-term adaptation of EUE cells to hyperosmotic stress. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1175 283-8 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Crosas, B et al. (2003) Human aldose reductase and human small intestine aldose reductase are efficient retinal reductases: consequences for retinoid metabolism. Biochem. J. 373 973-9 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Principe, S et al. (2013) In-depth proteomic analyses of exosomes isolated from expressed prostatic secretions in urine. Proteomics 13 1667-71 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Gonzales, PA et al. (2009) Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exosomes. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 20 363-79 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Buschow, SI et al. () MHC class II-associated proteins in B-cell exosomes and potential functional implications for exosome biogenesis. Immunol. Cell Biol. 88 851-6 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Bains, OS et al. (2010) Naturally occurring variants of human aldo-keto reductases with reduced in vitro metabolism of daunorubicin and doxorubicin. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 335 533-45 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Gaudet, P et al. (2011) Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Brief. Bioinformatics 12 449-62 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Ruiz, F et al. (2004) The crystallographic structure of the aldose reductase-IDD552 complex shows direct proton donation from tyrosine 48. Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. 60 1347-54 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Grimshaw, CE (1992) Aldose reductase: model for a new paradigm of enzymic perfection in detoxification catalysts. Biochemistry 31 10139-45 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 ^10.3 Nishimura, C et al. (1990) Cloning and expression of human aldose reductase. J. Biol. Chem. 265 9788-92 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:8435445-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Ferraretto, A et al. (1993) Aldose reductase is involved in long-term adaptation of EUE cells to hyperosmotic stress. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1175 283-8 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:12732097-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Crosas, B et al. (2003) Human aldose reductase and human small intestine aldose reductase are efficient retinal reductases: consequences for retinoid metabolism. Biochem. J. 373 973-9 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:23533145-3] Principe, S et al. (2013) In-depth proteomic analyses of exosomes isolated from expressed prostatic secretions in urine. Proteomics 13 1667-71 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:19056867-4] Gonzales, PA et al. (2009) Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exosomes. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 20 363-79 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:20458337-5] Buschow, SI et al. () MHC class II-associated proteins in B-cell exosomes and potential functional implications for exosome biogenesis. Immunol. Cell Biol. 88 851-6 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:20837989-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Bains, OS et al. (2010) Naturally occurring variants of human aldo-keto reductases with reduced in vitro metabolism of daunorubicin and doxorubicin. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 335 533-45 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:21873635-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Gaudet, P et al. (2011) Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Brief. Bioinformatics 12 449-62 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:15272156-8] Ruiz, F et al. (2004) The crystallographic structure of the aldose reductase-IDD552 complex shows direct proton donation from tyrosine 48. Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. 60 1347-54 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:1420136-9] Grimshaw, CE (1992) Aldose reductase: model for a new paradigm of enzymic perfection in detoxification catalysts. Biochemistry 31 10139-45 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:2112546-10] 10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 ^10.3 Nishimura, C et al. (1990) Cloning and expression of human aldose reductase. J. Biol. Chem. 265 9788-92 PubMed GONUTS page

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HUMAN:ALDR

Contents

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