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PMID:20660291
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| Citation |
Mitola, S, Ravelli, C, Moroni, E, Salvi, V, Leali, D, Ballmer-Hofer, K, Zammataro, L and Presta, M (2010) Gremlin is a novel agonist of the major proangiogenic receptor VEGFR2. Blood 116:3677-80 |
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| Abstract |
The bone morphogenic protein antagonist gremlin is expressed during embryonic development and under different pathologic conditions, including cancer. Gremlin is a proangiogenic protein belonging to the cystine-knot superfamily that includes transforming growth factor-β proteins and the angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). Here, we demonstrate that gremlin binds VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2), the main transducer of VEGF-mediated angiogenic signals, in a bone morphogenic protein-independent manner. Similar to VEGF-A, gremlin activates VEGFR2 in endothelial cells, leading to VEGFR2-dependent angiogenic responses in vitro and in vivo. Gremlin thus represents a novel proangiogenic VEGFR2 agonist distinct from the VEGF family ligands with implications in vascular development, angiogenesis-dependent diseases, and tumor neovascularization. |
| Links |
PubMed Online version:10.1182/blood-2010-06-291930 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Cattle; Cell Line; Chickens; Endothelial Cells/cytology; Endothelial Cells/metabolism; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism; Mice; Neoplasms/metabolism; Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/agonists; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/metabolism |
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