PMID:28262819

Citation	Su, C, Zhao, H, Zhao, Y, Ji, H, Wang, Y, Zhi, L and Li, X (2017) RUG3 and ATM synergistically regulate the alternative splicing of mitochondrial nad2 and the DNA damage response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Sci Rep 7:43897
Abstract	The root apical meristem (RAM) determines both RAM activity and the growth of roots. Plant roots are constantly exposed to adverse environmental stresses that can cause DNA damage or cell cycle arrest in the RAM; however, the mechanism linking root meristematic activity and RAM size to the DNA damage response (DDR) is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that a loss of function in RCC1/UVR8/GEF-Like 3 (RUG3) substantially augmented the DDR and produced a cell cycle arrest in the RAM in rug3 mutant, leading to root growth retardation. Furthermore, the mutation of RUG3 caused increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and ROS scavengers improved the observed cell cycle arrest and reduced RAM activity level in rug3 plants. Most importantly, we detected a physical interaction between RUG3 and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a key regulator of the DDR, suggesting that they synergistically modulated the alternative splicing of nad2. Our findings reveal a novel synergistic effect of RUG3 and ATM on the regulation of mitochondrial function, redox homeostasis, and the DDR in the RAM, and outline a protective mechanism for DNA damage repair and the restoration of mitochondrial function that involves RUG3-mediated mitochondrial retrograde signaling and the activation of an ATM-mediated DDR pathway.
Links	PubMed PMC5338318 Online version:10.1038/srep43897
Keywords	Alternative Splicing; Arabidopsis/enzymology; Arabidopsis/genetics; Arabidopsis/physiology; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/genetics; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/metabolism; DNA Damage; DNA Repair; Electron Transport Complex I/genetics; Electron Transport Complex I/metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Meristem/enzymology; Meristem/physiology; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics; Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Binding; Protein Interaction Mapping; Stress, Physiological
edit table

Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
ARATH:RUG3	enables	GO:0005515: protein binding	ECO:0000353: physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:Q9M3G7	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:RUG3	involved_in	GO:0008380: RNA splicing	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:RUG3	involved_in	GO:0010228: vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:RUG3	located_in	GO:0005739: mitochondrion	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:RUG3	involved_in	GO:2001020: regulation of response to DNA damage stimulus	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:RUG3	involved_in	GO:0072702: response to methyl methanesulfonate	ECO:0000270: expression pattern evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:ATM	enables	GO:0005515: protein binding	ECO:0000353: physical interaction evidence used in manual assertion	UniProtKB:Q9FJG9	F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:ATM	involved_in	GO:0008380: RNA splicing	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:ATM	involved_in	GO:2001020: regulation of response to DNA damage stimulus	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete

References

See Help:References for how to manage references in GONUTS.