PMID:23087369

Citation	Dhingra, S, Andes, D and Calvo, AM (2012) VeA regulates conidiation, gliotoxin production, and protease activity in the opportunistic human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Eukaryotic Cell 11:1531-43
Abstract	Invasive aspergillosis by Aspergillus fumigatus is a leading cause of infection-related mortality in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we show that veA, a major conserved regulatory gene that is unique to fungi, is necessary for normal morphogenesis in this medically relevant fungus. Although deletion of veA results in a strain with reduced conidiation, overexpression of this gene further reduced conidial production, indicating that veA has a major role as a regulator of development in A. fumigatus and that normal conidiation is only sustained in the presence of wild-type VeA levels. Furthermore, our studies revealed that veA is a positive regulator in the production of gliotoxin, a secondary metabolite known to be a virulent factor in A. fumigatus. Deletion of veA resulted in a reduction of gliotoxin production with respect to that of the wild-type control. This reduction in toxin coincided with a decrease in gliZ and gliP expression, which is necessary for gliotoxin biosynthesis. Interestingly, veA also influences protease activity in this organism. Specifically, deletion of veA resulted in a reduction of protease activity; this is the first report of a veA homolog with a role in controlling fungal hydrolytic activity. Although veA affects several cellular processes in A. fumigatus, pathogenicity studies in a neutropenic mouse infection model indicated that veA is dispensable for virulence.
Links	PubMed PMC3536283 Online version:10.1128/EC.00222-12
Keywords	Aspergillus fumigatus/enzymology; Aspergillus fumigatus/genetics; Aspergillus fumigatus/pathogenicity; Aspergillus fumigatus/physiology; Fungal Proteins/genetics; Fungal Proteins/metabolism; Gene Deletion; Gliotoxin/biosynthesis; Gliotoxin/toxicity; Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism; Spores, Fungal/genetics
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
ASPFU:VEA	located_in	GO:0005737: cytoplasm	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ASPFU:VEA	located_in	GO:0005634: nucleus	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ASPFU:VEA	acts_upstream_of_or_within	GO:1900691: positive regulation of gliotoxin biosynthetic process	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ASPFM:Q6MYN4	involved_in	GO:1900691: positive regulation of gliotoxin biosynthetic process	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ASPFM:Q6MYN4	part_of	GO:0005737: cytoplasm	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ASPFM:Q6MYN4	part_of	GO:0005634: nucleus	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete

References

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