PMID:21435048

Citation	Lu, Y, Li, C, Wang, H, Chen, H, Berg, H and Xia, Y (2011) AtPPR2, an Arabidopsis pentatricopeptide repeat protein, binds to plastid 23S rRNA and plays an important role in the first mitotic division during gametogenesis and in cell proliferation during embryogenesis. Plant J. 67:13-25
Abstract	Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins are mainly involved in regulating post-transcriptional processes in mitochondria and plastids, including chloroplasts. Mutations in the Arabidopsis PPR2 gene have previously been found to cause defects in seed development and reduced transmission through male and female gametophytes. However, the exact function of AtPPR2 has not been defined. We found that a loss-of-function mutation of AtPPR2 leads to arrest of the first mitotic division during both male and female gametogenesis. In addition, the Atppr2 mutation causes delayed embryogenesis, leading to embryonic lethality. Mutation in emb2750, which appears to be a weak mutant allele of the AtPPR2 locus, also results in defective seeds. However, a majority of emb2750 seeds were able to germinate, but their cotyledons were albino and often deformed, and growth of the emb2750 seedlings were arrested after germination. AtPPR2 is mainly expressed in plant parts that undergo cell division, and AtPPR2 protein was localized to chloroplasts. RNA immunoprecipitation and protein gel mobility shift assays showed that AtPPR2 binds to plastid 23S rRNA. Our study adds to a growing body of evidence that plastids and/or chloroplasts play a key role in cell division. AtPPR2 may modulate the translational process to fine-tune plastid function, thereby regulating cell division.
Links	PubMed PMC3214271 Online version:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04569.x
Keywords	Alleles; Arabidopsis/embryology; Arabidopsis/genetics; Arabidopsis/physiology; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism; Cell Division; Chloroplasts/genetics; Chloroplasts/metabolism; Cotyledon/embryology; Gametogenesis, Plant/physiology; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Germ Cells, Plant/growth & development; Germination/physiology; Mutation; Phenotype; Plastids/genetics; Plastids/metabolism; Protein Binding; RNA, Plant/genetics; RNA, Plant/metabolism; RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/genetics; RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/metabolism; Seedling/growth & development; Seeds/embryology
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Annotations

Gene product	Qualifier	GO Term	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Extension	Notes	Status
ARATH:PP216	enables	GO:0019843: rRNA binding	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		F		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:PP216	located_in	GO:0009507: chloroplast	ECO:0000314: direct assay evidence used in manual assertion		C		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:PP216	acts_upstream_of_or_within	GO:0009553: embryo sac development	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:PP216	acts_upstream_of_or_within	GO:0009555: pollen development	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete
ARATH:PP216	acts_upstream_of_or_within	GO:0009793: embryo development ending in seed dormancy	ECO:0000315: mutant phenotype evidence used in manual assertion		P		Seeded From UniProt	complete

References

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