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PMID:15849736

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Citation

Greer, CL, Grygoruk, A, Patton, DE, Ley, B, Romero-Calderon, R, Chang, HY, Houshyar, R, Bainton, RJ, Diantonio, A and Krantz, DE (2005) A splice variant of the Drosophila vesicular monoamine transporter contains a conserved trafficking domain and functions in the storage of dopamine, serotonin, and octopamine. J. Neurobiol. 64:239-58

Abstract

Vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs) mediate the transport of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5HT), and other monoamines into secretory vesicles. The regulation of mammalian VMAT and the related vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) has been proposed to involve membrane trafficking, but the mechanisms remain unclear. To facilitate a genetic analysis of vesicular transporter function and regulation, we have cloned the Drosophila homolog of the vesicular monoamine transporter (dVMAT). We identify two mRNA splice variants (DVMAT-A and B) that differ at their C-terminus, the domain responsible for endocytosis of mammalian VMAT and VAChT. DVMAT-A contains trafficking motifs conserved in mammals but not C. elegans, and internalization assays indicate that the DVMAT-A C-terminus is involved in endocytosis. DVMAT-B contains a divergent C-terminal domain and is less efficiently internalized from the cell surface. Using in vitro transport assays, we show that DVMAT-A recognizes DA, 5HT, octopamine, tyramine, and histamine as substrates, and similar to mammalian VMAT homologs, is inhibited by the drug reserpine and the environmental toxins 2,2,4,5,6-pentachlorobiphenyl and heptachlor. We have developed a specific antiserum to DVMAT-A, and find that it localizes to dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons as well as octopaminergic, type II terminals at the neuromuscular junction. Surprisingly, DVMAT-A is co-expressed at type II terminals with the Drosophila vesicular glutamate transporter. Our data suggest that DVMAT-A functions as a vesicular transporter for DA, 5HT, and octopamine in vivo, and will provide a powerful invertebrate model for the study of transporter trafficking and regulation.

Links

PubMed Online version:10.1002/neu.20146

Keywords

Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Blotting, Northern; COS Cells; Cercopithecus aethiops; Dopamine/metabolism; Drosophila; Endocytosis/drug effects; Endocytosis/physiology; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; In Situ Hybridization; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics; Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics; Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism; Molecular Sequence Data; Neurons/physiology; Octopamine/metabolism; Polychlorinated Biphenyls/pharmacology; Protein Isoforms/genetics; Protein Isoforms/metabolism; Protein Transport/drug effects; Protein Transport/physiology; Reserpine/pharmacology; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serotonin/metabolism; Vesicular Biogenic Amine Transport Proteins; Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins

Significance

Annotations

Gene product Qualifier GO ID GO term name Evidence Code with/from Aspect Notes Status


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References

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