ECOLI:GYRA

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Species (Taxon ID)	Escherichia coli (strain K12). (taxon:83333)
Gene Name(s)	gyrA ( synonyms: hisW, nalA, parD )
Protein Name(s)	DNA gyrase subunit A
External Links
UniProt Identifier	GYRA_ECOLI
UniProt Accessions	P0AES4, P09097,
EMBL	X06373, X06744, M15631, U00096, AP009048, Y00544,
PIR	S02340,
RefSeq	AP_002828.1, NP_416734.1,
PDB	1AB4, 1X75, 1ZI0, 2Y3P, 3KU8, 3NUH,
IntAct	P0AES4,
Pfam	PF03989, PF00521,

Annotations

Qualifier	GO ID	GO term name	Reference	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Notes	Status
	GO:0006261	DNA-dependent DNA replication	PMID:227840^[1]	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype		P
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	F
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	P
	GO:0042493	response to drug	PMID:770163^[2]	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype		P
	GO:0016020	membrane	PMID:16858726^[3]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		C
	GO:0008094	DNA-dependent ATPase activity	PMID:6094559^[4]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		F
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000003	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	EC:5.99.1.3	F
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	PMID:7952188^[5]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		C
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	PMID:6294616^[6]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		F
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	C
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR006691	F
	GO:0009330	DNA topoisomerase complex (ATP-hydrolyzing)	PMID:347446^[7]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		C
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	PMID:6327603^[8]	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype		P
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013760	F
	GO:0006350	transcription	PMID:15535863^[9]	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype		P
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005743	C
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0067	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0238	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	PMID:1851291^[10]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	F
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0547	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005743	F
	GO:0016020	membrane	PMID:16858726^[3]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		C
	GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR020899	P
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005743	F
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR006691	C
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	F
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	PMID:368801^[11]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		F
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005743	F
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013760	P
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	F
	GO:0003916	DNA topoisomerase activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR006691	F
	GO:0006259	DNA metabolic process	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	P
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	C
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR002205	F
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR002205	P
	GO:0016853	isomerase activity	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0413	F
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR006691	P
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR006691	F
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	P
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013760	F
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	F
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	PMID:16858726^[3]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		C
	GO:0006351	transcription, DNA-dependent	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR020899	P
	GO:0042493	response to drug	PMID:6178722^[12]	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype		P
	GO:0046677	response to antibiotic	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0046	P
	GO:0003700	sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR020899	F
	GO:0003916	DNA topoisomerase activity	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0799	F
	GO:0006259	DNA metabolic process	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	P
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005743	P
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	F
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013760	C
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013760	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR002205	F
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR002205	F
	GO:0042493	response to drug	PMID:4208771^[13]	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype		P
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR002205	C
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0547	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR002205	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005743	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR006691	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013760	F
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0238	F
	GO:0003916	DNA topoisomerase activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR006691	F
	GO:0003916	DNA topoisomerase activity	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0799	F
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR002205	F
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005743	F
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	F
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	F
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013760	F
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	GO_REF:0000003	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	EC:5.99.1.3	F
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR002205	F
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005743	F
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR006691	F
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	F
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	F
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013760	F
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0067	F
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR002205	C
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005743	C
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR006691	C
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	C
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	C
	GO:0005694	chromosome	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013760	C
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0963	C
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	GO_REF:0000023	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_SL:SL-0086	C
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	PMID:16858726^[3]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		C
	GO:0006259	DNA metabolic process	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	P
	GO:0006259	DNA metabolic process	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	P
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR002205	P
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005743	P
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR006691	P
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013757	P
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013758	P
	GO:0006265	DNA topological change	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR013760	P
	GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent	GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR020899	P
	GO:0016020	membrane	PMID:16858726^[3]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		C
	GO:0016853	isomerase activity	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0413	F
	GO:0046677	response to antibiotic	GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0046	P
	GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	PMID:186775^[14]	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		F	figure 3d shows that a high amount of gryase contained only negative supercoiled DNA.	complete
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Notes

References

See Help:References for how to manage references in GONUTS.

↑ Kreuzer KN & Cozzarelli NR (1979) Escherichia coli mutants thermosensitive for deoxyribonucleic acid gyrase subunit A: effects on deoxyribonucleic acid replication, transcription, and bacteriophage growth. J Bacteriol 140: 424-35 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Staudenbauer WL (1976) Replication of Escherichia coli DNA in vitro: inhibition by oxolinic acid. Eur J Biochem 62: 491-7 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 Lasserre JP et al. (2006) A complexomic study of Escherichia coli using two-dimensional blue native/SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 27: 3306-21 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Maxwell A & Gellert M (1984) The DNA dependence of the ATPase activity of DNA gyrase. J Biol Chem 259: 14472-80 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Thornton M et al. (1994) Immunogold localization of GyrA and GyrB proteins in Escherichia coli. Microbiology 140 ( Pt 9): 2371-82 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Higgins NP & Cozzarelli NR (1982) The binding of gyrase to DNA: analysis by retention by nitrocellulose filters. Nucleic Acids Res 10: 6833-47 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Higgins NP et al. (1978) Purification of subunits of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase and reconstitution of enzymatic activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 75: 1773-7 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Steck TR et al. (1984) DNA supercoiling in gyrase mutants. J Bacteriol 158: 397-403 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Peter BJ et al. (2004) Genomic transcriptional response to loss of chromosomal supercoiling in Escherichia coli. Genome Biol 5: R87 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Reece RJ & Maxwell A (1991) The C-terminal domain of the Escherichia coli DNA gyrase A subunit is a DNA-binding protein. Nucleic Acids Res 19: 1399-405 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Sugino A et al. (1978) Energy coupling in DNA gyrase and the mechanism of action of novobiocin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 75: 4838-42 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Chao L & Tillman DM (1982) Enhanced resistance to nitrosoguanidine killing and mutagenesis in a DNA gyrase mutant of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 151: 764-70 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Bourguignon GJ et al. (1973) Studies on the mechanism of action of nalidixic acid. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 4: 479-86 PubMed GONUTS page
↑ Gellert M et al. (1976) DNA gyrase: an enzyme that introduces superhelical turns into DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 73: 3872-6 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:227840-0] Kreuzer KN & Cozzarelli NR (1979) Escherichia coli mutants thermosensitive for deoxyribonucleic acid gyrase subunit A: effects on deoxyribonucleic acid replication, transcription, and bacteriophage growth. J Bacteriol 140: 424-35 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:770163-1] Staudenbauer WL (1976) Replication of Escherichia coli DNA in vitro: inhibition by oxolinic acid. Eur J Biochem 62: 491-7 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:16858726-2] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 Lasserre JP et al. (2006) A complexomic study of Escherichia coli using two-dimensional blue native/SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 27: 3306-21 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:6094559-3] Maxwell A & Gellert M (1984) The DNA dependence of the ATPase activity of DNA gyrase. J Biol Chem 259: 14472-80 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:7952188-4] Thornton M et al. (1994) Immunogold localization of GyrA and GyrB proteins in Escherichia coli. Microbiology 140 ( Pt 9): 2371-82 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:6294616-5] Higgins NP & Cozzarelli NR (1982) The binding of gyrase to DNA: analysis by retention by nitrocellulose filters. Nucleic Acids Res 10: 6833-47 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:347446-6] Higgins NP et al. (1978) Purification of subunits of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase and reconstitution of enzymatic activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 75: 1773-7 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:6327603-7] Steck TR et al. (1984) DNA supercoiling in gyrase mutants. J Bacteriol 158: 397-403 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:15535863-8] Peter BJ et al. (2004) Genomic transcriptional response to loss of chromosomal supercoiling in Escherichia coli. Genome Biol 5: R87 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:1851291-9] Reece RJ & Maxwell A (1991) The C-terminal domain of the Escherichia coli DNA gyrase A subunit is a DNA-binding protein. Nucleic Acids Res 19: 1399-405 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:368801-10] Sugino A et al. (1978) Energy coupling in DNA gyrase and the mechanism of action of novobiocin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 75: 4838-42 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:6178722-11] Chao L & Tillman DM (1982) Enhanced resistance to nitrosoguanidine killing and mutagenesis in a DNA gyrase mutant of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 151: 764-70 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:4208771-12] Bourguignon GJ et al. (1973) Studies on the mechanism of action of nalidixic acid. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 4: 479-86 PubMed GONUTS page

[PMID:186775-13] Gellert M et al. (1976) DNA gyrase: an enzyme that introduces superhelical turns into DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 73: 3872-6 PubMed GONUTS page

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ECOLI:GYRA

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